Regarding accessing letters of strings in C++

Question

#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; int main() { int n;cin>>n;//entering number of string to be inputed string a[n];//declaring an array of type string for(int i=0;i<n;i++){ cin>>a[i]; } for(int i=0;i<n;i++){ cout<<a[i]<<endl; } //for manipulating letters of strings cout<<a[0][1]; return 0; }

To access the elements of a string, we should output the result as a multidimensional array. This seems a bit counter intuitive. Could someone explain is this the right way.

Input 2 asfdsf asfdsafd Output asfdsf asfdsafd s

I’m a bit unsure what your question is, since there isn’t an actual question sentence here. What is counter intuitive and what do you need explained exactly? — Sami Kuhmonen
– Sami Kuhmonen, Commented Apr 30, 2018 at 4:46

RishiG · Accepted Answer · 2018-04-30 04:26:38Z

2

A string is an array of characters. So an array of strings is an array of arrays of characters. To access the jth character in the ith string, you use a[i][j].

answered Apr 30, 2018 at 4:26

RishiG

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1 Comment

MFisherKDX Over a year ago

I don't think a string is "an array of characters". To be more precise, I think a string is a "sequence" of characters.

David C. Rankin · Accepted Answer · 2018-04-30 05:14:33Z

You cannot declare:

 string a[n]; //declaring an array of type string

Why?

ISO C++ forbids variable length array ‘a’

Instead, you should use a vector of string and .push_back() each new string you add, e.g.

#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> int main (void) { int n = 0; std::cout << "enter the number of strings: "; std::cin >> n; if (n < 1) { std::cerr << "error: invalid number of strings.\n"; return 1; } std::vector <std::string> a; // vector of strings for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { /* read each string */ std::string tmp; std::cin >> tmp; /* into a temp string */ if (!std::cin.eof() && !std::cin.fail()) /* validate read */ a.push_back(tmp); /* add string to vector */ /* output string and first character using indexes */ std::cout << "string[" << i << "]: " << a[i] << " (a[" << i << "][0]: " << a[i][0] << ")\n"; } }

Example Use/Output

$ ./bin/stringindex enter the number of strings: 4 My string[0]: My (a[0][0]: M) Dog string[1]: Dog (a[1][0]: D) Has string[2]: Has (a[2][0]: H) Fleas! string[3]: Fleas! (a[3][0]: F)

Look things over and let me know if you have any questions.

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