I'm hitting the same thing, and found some detail in an answer on a related site: https://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/201827/failed-to-import-a-mongodb-database-with-duplicate-fields
What I've gathered is that mongodump version 2.2 and later is incompatible with earlier versions of MongoD - so check the version you used to dump the data.
I was able to use bsondump my_collection.bson to get a JSON dump output of the details, so I suspect I can load it from that, even though it's not recommended.
UPDATE:
I was able to use bsondump and mongoimport together with the raw BSON file to get the data loaded:
bsondump my_collection.bson > my_collection.json mongoimport -d my_db -c my_collection my_collection.json
So a tad inelegant, but I was able to load up the MongoDB 2.4 data into a MongoDB 3.6.5 instance locally.