How to change relational tables fields, when a field of a table changes in Laravel?

Question

I have two tables in my project and there are two relationships between these two tables. One of these two relationships is one-to-one and the other one is a one-to-many relationship.

My tables:

+--------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | bigint unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | username | varchar(255) | NO | UNI | NULL | | | password | varchar(255) | NO | | NULL | | | email | varchar(255) | NO | UNI | NULL | | | common_name | varchar(255) | NO | | NULL | | | phone_number | varchar(13) | YES | UNI | NULL | | | role | varchar(255) | NO | | NULL | | | created_at | timestamp | YES | | NULL | | | updated_at | timestamp | YES | | NULL | | +--------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ +---------------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +---------------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | bigint unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | unit_number | int | NO | UNI | NULL | | | owner_id | bigint unsigned | NO | | NULL | | | resident_id | bigint unsigned | YES | | NULL | | | availability_status | varchar(255) | NO | | NULL | | | number_of_rooms | int | NO | | NULL | | | meterage | int unsigned | NO | | NULL | | | description | text | YES | | NULL | | | monthly_rent | int | YES | | NULL | | | created_at | timestamp | YES | | NULL | | | updated_at | timestamp | YES | | NULL | | +---------------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

Relations in my models:

User model:

public function unitOwner() { return $this->hasMany(Unit::class, 'owner_id', 'id'); } public function unitResident() { return $this->hasOne(Unit::class, 'resident_id', 'id'); }

Unit model:

public function ownerUser() { return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'owner_id'); } public function residentUser() { return $this->belongsTo(User::class,'resident_id'); }

I want, for example, when I delete a user, that the deleted user's ID will be deleted from the unit associated with that user (whether he is a resident of the unit or the owner of the unit). And the availability_status column of that unit, for example, can change from occupied to unoccupied.

I have a few ways in mind to implement this mode, but in all of these modes my code becomes very long. What is the shortest way to implement this?

One way is to make new migration and change field of units.owner_id adding ->onDelete('cascade') (docs). That is the better solution. Other way is to set deleted event in observer of User model. — Tpojka
– Tpojka, Commented Aug 14, 2023 at 9:19
Thank you, but I don't want to delete the related unit. I want to change the availability_status of unit and delete the user.id from resident_id column — mahdi_sheykh
– mahdi_sheykh, Commented Aug 14, 2023 at 9:36
Ok, don't set cascade on DB level in migration. Instead, that can be achieved in deleted or deleting event of User's observer. — Tpojka
– Tpojka, Commented Aug 14, 2023 at 10:15
"I have a few ways in mind to implement this mode, but in all of these modes my code becomes very long I am looking for the shortest way to implement this" You should post that long code to this site asking for different way of implementation. — Tpojka
– Tpojka, Commented Aug 14, 2023 at 10:17
Before you post at Code Review, be sure to read A guide to Code Review for Stack Overflow users, as some things are done differently over there - e.g. question titles should simply say what the code is for, as the question is always, "How can I improve this?". Be sure that the code works correctly; include your unit tests if possible. You'll likely get some suggestions on making it more efficient, easier to read, and better tested. — Toby Speight
– Toby Speight, Commented Aug 14, 2023 at 10:24

Nothehi · Accepted Answer · 2023-08-14 10:21:11Z

The first thing you need to do is define a migration to set the `owner_id' to null when you delete a user:

$table->foreignId('owner_id') ->nullable() ->constrained() ->cascadeOnUpdate() ->nullOnDelete();

Then, to handle the availability_status, you can use the model observer like this:

class UserObserver { public function deleted(User $user): void { $user->unitOwner()->update(['owner_id' => null, 'availability_status' => 'unoccupied']); $user->unitResident()->update(['resident_id' => null, 'availability_status' => 'unoccupied']); } }

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