I would like to learn to manipulate comma separated lists in Latex. To give a concreet but artificial example, I would like to have this command:
\swap{1,10} expand to this:
{10,1} How can I achieve it?
I think you should ask what you want in full generality. For your concrete example,
\newcommand*\swap[1]{\doswap#1\relax} \def\doswap#1,#2\relax{{#2,#1}} should work, although I didn't test it.
\relax tells TeX to do nothing. Here, I was just using it as a delimiter for the second argument to \doswap. As for why you need the separate \def, I cannot think of a way to do this without defining a second control sequence. \swap takes a single parameter and so I defined it so that \swap{1,10} expands to \doswap 1,10\relax. Then \doswap reads 1 as its first argument and 10 as its second argument and so it expands to {10,1}, exactly as you wanted. \newcommand variant that does all this behind the scenes? \newcommand doesn't allow you to define a macro with delimited arguments, so you cannot.