If stat can't read the birth time, it's either not stored in the file system at all (that is normal for many file systems!), or your old kernel's stat simply doesn't know where to get it. Check with your administrator that you are not trying to get data that simply never got stored!
Note that the OS is very old (as you can see) thus statx can't work for me
yep, centOS (and RHEL) 7.9 should have only Linux 3.10, and that increases the likelihood of your system using a file system that doesn't even store the birth time. (RHEL admins are typically concerned with reliability, and hence tend to choose their file systems conservatively. Try df -h -T to see whether your system tells you the type of your file system. XFS, for example, prior to 2020 simply didn't have the field, nor, if I remember correctly, did ext3, or ReiserFS).
In fact, as said in the answer you've been linked to, you simply have no way of asking the kernel for this information as user. You're out of luck – you need someone with access to debugfs (i.e., root privileges) to ask your kernel.
Edit: now in the comment you mention this file system is NFS.
You will need NFSv4 to transport the birth date file attribute at all (you probably are using that) and a kernel at least 5.17, which CentOS 7.9 does not have.
So, what you want is impossible on your platform. Nothing is getting the birth date from the NFS data and presenting it to userland.
