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I wanted to install the current version of ausweisapp, which requires packages or versions of them which are not in the repo of Mint 21.3, so I started to install those packages and their dependencies manually. The third one was libzstd1_1.5.4. There already was an older version of it installed, now both are broken. If I try to remove one of them, both Synaptic and apt-get install -f want to remove many other packages, like half of the system. Aptitude: Same.

How can I remove only the package I installed manually, without removing anything else?

sudo apt install libzstd1{,:i386}=1.4.8+dfsg-3build1 returns:

Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done libzstd1:i386 is already the newest version (1.4.8+dfsg-3build1). The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: libhttp-parser2.9 libqt5qmlmodels5 libqt5qmlworkerscript5 libqt5quick5 libqt5quickcontrols2-5 libqt5quicktemplates2-5 libqt5websockets5 qml-module-qt-labs-platform qml-module-qtgraphicaleffects qml-module-qtqml qml-module-qtqml-models2 qml-module-qtqml-statemachine qml-module-qtquick-controls qml-module-qtquick-controls2 qml-module-qtquick-layouts qml-module-qtquick-templates2 qml-module-qtquick-window2 qml-module-qtquick2 Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. The following packages will be DOWNGRADED: libzstd1 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 downgraded, 0 to remove and 7 not upgraded. 2 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/324 kB of archives. After this operation, 62.5 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y dpkg: warning: downgrading libzstd1:amd64 from 1.5.4+dfsg2-5 to 1.4.8+dfsg-3build1 (Reading database ... 686126 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../libzstd1_1.4.8+dfsg-3build1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libzstd1:amd64 (1.4.8+dfsg-3build1) over (1.5.4+dfsg2-5) ... dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libzstd1_1.4.8+dfsg-3build1_amd64.deb (--unpack): trying to overwrite shared '/usr/share/doc/libzstd1/changelog.Debian.gz', which is different from other instances of package libzstd1:amd64 Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/libzstd1_1.4.8+dfsg-3build1_amd64.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Output of dpkg:

~ $: sudo dpkg --purge libzstd1_1.5.4 dpkg: warning: ignoring request to remove libzstd1_1.5.4 which isn't installed ~ $: sudo dpkg --purge libzstd1 dpkg: dependency problems prevent removal of libzstd1:amd64: systemd depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). squashfs-tools depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). rsync depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). plocate depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). mesa-vulkan-drivers:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). mesa-vdpau-drivers:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). mesa-va-drivers:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libxatracker2:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libtiff5:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libsystemd0:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libsereal-encoder-perl:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libsereal-decoder-perl depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libqt5core5a:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libosmesa6:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libkmod2:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libflatpak0:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libcurl4:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libcurl3-gnutls:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libboost-iostreams1.74.0:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libarchive13:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). libapt-pkg6.0:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). kmod depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). gfortran-11 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). gcc-12 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). gcc-11 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). g++-11 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). flatpak depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). dpkg depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). cpp-12 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). cpp-11 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). btrfs-progs depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0). dpkg: error processing package libzstd1:amd64 (--purge): dependency problems - not removing Errors were encountered while processing: libzstd1:amd64
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The key is in your comment about an i386 version of libzstd1 installed alongside the amd64 version. Packages for different architectures need to be kept in sync; if you want to upgrade libzstd1, you need to install newer versions for amd64 and i386.

To undo what you’ve done, re-install the Mint 21.3 versions of the packages:

sudo apt install libzstd1{,:i386}=1.4.8+dfsg-3build1

As a general rule, you shouldn’t try to install newer packages taken elsewhere. In your case a safer approach would be to upgrade to the latest release of Linux Mint.

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  • Thanks, unfortunately, sudo apt reinstall libzstd1{,:i386}=1.4.8+dfsg-3build1 returns an error and aborts. It says, I can specify a package version only with install and forbid-version. I tried it with install instead of reinstall, and it offered to downgrade the package. I chose yes and it began doing its thing, but after several lines of output returned an error when trying to overwrite /usr/share/doc/libzstd1/changelog.Debian.gz: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) Commented Apr 24 at 12:36
  • What would happen, if I deleted the files of the newer version of the library? They are listed in Synaptic: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libzstd.so.1 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libzstd.so.1.5.4 And maybe /usr/share/doc/libzstd1/changelog.Debian.gz /usr/share/doc/libzstd1/changelog.gz /usr/share/doc/libzstd1/copyright Commented Apr 24 at 12:40
  • What was the dpkg error? Commented Apr 24 at 18:48
  • Are you referring to thecarpy’s question below? sudo dpkg --purge libzstd1_1.5.4 says that this lib is not installed. sudo dpkg --purge libzstd1 returns an error, saying it cannot be removed because of dependencies. Commented Apr 24 at 21:51
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    Installing the amd64 package is fine, your system needs both (presumably the i386 version is needed for Wine or Steam or some such). Try deleting /usr/share/doc/libzstd1/changelog.Debian.gz… Commented Apr 25 at 18:24
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This is not how you should proceed. First of all, you get the dependencies and put them in a separate location, such as /home/jdoe/lib, for example, then you launch the program as follows:

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/jdoe/lib:/opt/something/lib:/opt/other/lib <program>

NB: Libraries in your home folder might depend on other libraries that might need to get added to this lib folder if the system ones are not a supported version.

To fix your current problem, you need to remove the library you just installed, libzstd1_1.5.4, then fix borken packages:

apt --fix-broken install

One other way to run programs that require another distribution or version is to use a docker container - this is much easier than the first. Note that some older linux distros like Ubuntu 1804 cannot run current distributions because of some kernel changes.

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  • How to correctly run such programs sounds fairly easy. But how do I remove the lib? Just delete the files listed by Synaptic? Commented Apr 23 at 13:22
  • Does sudo apt remove --force --purge not work ? Commented Apr 23 at 13:25
  • If the previous does not work or wants to remove a bunch of other packages, you could try with sudo dpkg --purge libzstd1_1.5.4 Commented Apr 23 at 14:11
  • sudo apt remove --force --purge does not work. It says, those options cannot be combined. sudo dpkg --purge libzstd1_1.5.4 says that this lib is not installed. sudo dpkg --purge libzstd1 returns an error, saying it cannot be removed because of dependencies. Commented Apr 23 at 14:17
  • yeah, sorry, remove --force and it shpuld work but I expect it to want to uninstall a bunch of packages, dpkg should not. Commented Apr 23 at 14:19

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