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I want to create a bootable USB and to put drivers folder beside my .iso image. Firstly, I wrote zeroes on my USB drive using this command: sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=4096 conv=fsync oflag=direct status=progress, got this output:

1907201+0 records in 1907200+0 records out 7811891200 bytes (7.8 GB, 7.3 GiB) copied, 2188.11 s, 3.6 MB/s

then I unmounted and formatted it:

sudo umount /dev/sda sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sda

Then I created a partition on it using gparted, and got this output in lsblk:

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS sda 8:0 1 7.3G 0 disk └─sda1 8:1 1 7.3G 0 part

Then I wrote an .iso file into my USB using sudo dd bs=4M if=/home/alex/Downloads/Win10_22H2_EnglishInternational_x64v1.iso of=/dev/sda conv=fsync oflag=direct status=progress command and got this output:

1462+1 records in 1462+1 records out 6135633920 bytes (6.1 GB, 5.7 GiB) copied, 1396.19 s, 4.4 MB/s

As I understood later, dd command overwrites partition table, so now my partition is gone. I'm still need to put a folder with drivers on to my USB drive beside .iso image. I don't know how to do it, because I can't copy my folder into USB drive, or create a new folder inside it. My partition sda1 is disappeared, and when I try to mount sda itself, it says "source write-protected, mounted read-only". I heard I can use Ventoy for this kind of things, but is there any other way? I don't know what to do now and where is the problem. Would be thankful for your help.

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None of this makes sense.

  1. You mustn't write something to the raw device while there is still a mounted file system on it
  2. luckily, 1. is not a data loss problem here, because the writing of zeros was superfluous anyways
  3. No, dd-ing a windows DVD image to a USB drive does not make a bootable USB drive. It doesn't work like that – unlike some Linux distro installer .iso images, Windows installer .iso images are not hybrids that work as both a bootable optical drive image and bootable USB image.
  4. you can't "put some files next to an ISO" if you're not putting the ISO as a file on your drive.

So, you need to create a bootable Windows installer image differently, in a way that actually works, and that the windows installation process understands afterwards. Here's but a pointer.

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    Thank you for your answer. I decided to use Ventoy and succeeded, but I think, your explanation and link can be a good alternative. Commented Jul 2 at 13:30

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