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Building Web Applications with Zend Framework
- 1. 19/10/09 Building WebApplications with Zend Framework 1 Building Web Applications with Zend Framework
- 2. What is ZendFramework? ● A library of useful tools and classes? ● An MVC application framework? ● BOTH
- 3. Zend Framework Library ●Yes, it's a little like PEAR ● Huge active community ● High quality code ● Object Oriented PHP5 ● Extensively tested
- 4. Zend Framework Library ●Advanced, loosely coupled toolset covering a vast range of utilities, for example Database Abstraction Table data gateway pattern Cache Google Data API Adobe AMF Server HTTP Client LDAP Email OpenID PDF REST Client & Server Lucene Search SOAP Internationalisation XMLRPC
- 5. Zend Application Framework ●MVC Design Pattern ● Rapid application development using Zend_Tool command line utility ● Convention over configuration defaults to a somewhat verbose directory structure however flexibility allows developers choice ● Features include SEF URLS, custom routes, context switching and a strong plugin architecture
- 6. Zend Application Framework ●Helper objects are one of the highlights of the application framework ● Controller Action Helpers for various controller tasks – URL generation and redirection – Context Switching – Flash (single use) messaging ● View Helpers for visual / output encapsulation – HTML generation – Pagination – Navigation
- 7. MVC Dispatch Overview Request FrontController Controller Plugins ControllerModels Controller Action Helpers View View Helpers Layout Response
- 8. Zend_Tool ● Zend_Tool canbe used to ● Create projects ● Add modules, controllers, actions and views using the default ZF directory structure ● Show information about projects and the PHP environment
- 9. Some Examples C:UsersPhilworkspace>zf createproject phpmelb Creating project at C:/Users/Phil/workspace/phpmelb Starting a new project with Zend_Tool Resulting directory structure phpmelb |-- application | |-- Bootstrap.php | |-- configs | | `-- application.ini | |-- controllers | | |-- ErrorController.php | | `-- IndexController.php | |-- models | `-- views | |-- helpers | `-- scripts | |-- error | | `-- error.phtml | `-- index | `-- index.phtml |-- library |-- public | `-- index.php `-- tests |-- application | `-- bootstrap.php |-- library | `-- bootstrap.php `-- phpunit.xml
- 10. Web Application ina Can
- 11. Routes Default route :controller/:action/:param/:value/:param/:value... // or(for modular applications) :module/:controller/:action/:param/:value/:param/:value... Custom routes provide ultimate flexibility // typical “blog” route :year/:month/:title/:page=1 // with the following defaults :controller = “article” :action = “read” A “module” is simply a collection of controllers, views and custom helper objects.
- 12. Plugin Architecture ● ZendFramework supports customisation through class extension, interface implementation and plugin loaders ● Plugin loaders let the framework know where to find custom classes and when to use them ● Controller plugins provide hooks for executing procedures at any stage in the dispatch cycle
- 13. Now for someof my favourites ● ContextSwitch Controller Action Helper ● AjaxContext Controller Action Helper ● Zend_Form
- 14. ContextSwitch Controller Action Helper ●One controller action ● Multiple view scripts depending on “context” ● Actions may be assigned one or more contexts ● Context specified on request using “format” parameter ● Built-in contexts include ● XML ● JSON ● Developers may add custom contexts
- 15. ContextSwitch Helper Example //application/controllers/IndexController.php class IndexController extends Zend_Controller_Action { public function init() { $this->_helper->contextSwitch->addActionContext('index', 'xml') ->initContext(); } public function indexAction() { $this->view->foo = 'foo'; } } // application/views/scripts/index.phtml // Request example “/index/index” <p>Foo: <?php echo $this->escape($this->foo) ?></p>` // application/views/scripts/index.xml.phtml // Request example “/index/index/format/xml” <root> <foo><?php echo $this->escape($this->foo) ?></foo> </root>
- 16. AjaxContext Controller Action Helper ●Extends ContextSwitch Helper ● Adds “html” context ● Only fires on AJAX requests ● Detects using X_REQUESTED_WITH HTTP header ● Disables any layouts ● Perfect for loading HTML “snippets”
- 17. AjaxContext Helper Example //application/controllers/IndexController.php class IndexController extends Zend_Controller_Action { public function init() { $this->_helper->ajaxContext->addActionContext('index', 'html') ->initContext(); } public function indexAction() { $this->view->foo = 'foo'; } } // application/views/scripts/index.phtml <table> <tr> <td>Foo</td> <td><?php echo $this->escape($this->foo) ?></td> </tr> </table> // application/views/scripts/index.ajax.phtml // Only the output below is sent in the response <td>Foo</td> <td><?php echo $this->escape($this->foo) ?></td>
- 18. Zend_Form ● One ofthe most powerful web application development components ● Combines ● Form HTML generation ● Input filtering ● Input validation ● AJAX validation for client-side hooks ● Internationalisation ● Error handling and message display
- 19. Building Forms ● Formscan be built in code or from config files ● XML ● .ini ● PHP Array ● Form appearance dictated by “decorators” ● Decorators provide infinite markup possibilities without effecting form logic
- 20. Zend_Form Example $form =new Zend_Form; $form->addElement('text', 'foo', array( 'label' => 'Foo', 'required' => true, 'filters' => array('StringTrim') ))->addElement('textarea', 'bar', array( 'label' => 'Bar', 'cols' => 60, 'rows' => 5, 'validators' => array( array('StringLength', false, array(0, 50)) ) ))->addElement('submit', 'submit_btn', array( 'label' => 'Submit' ))->addDisplayGroup( array('foo', 'bar', 'submit_btn'), 'my_fieldset', array('legend' => 'My Form') );
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