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Two scoops of Django - Security Best Practices
The document outlines best practices for Django security, covering configurations, security features, and admin access. Key areas of focus include preventing XSS, CSRF, SQL injection, and clickjacking, as well as proper password storage and data validation. Recommendations also emphasize server hardening, timely updates, and careful management of environment variables.
Two scoops of Django - Security Best Practices
- 1. Two Scoops ofDjango Security Best Practices Spin Lai
- 3. I. Django Configurations II.Django Security Features III. Django Admin IV. What Else ?
- 4. I. Django Configurations II.Django Security Features III. Django Admin IV. What Else ?
- 5. Django Configurations Designate Settings DEBUG/ TEMPLATE_DEBUG ALLOWED_HOSTS SECRET_KEY !
- 6. Django Configurations Designate Settings DEBUG/ TEMPLATE_DEBUG ALLOW_HOSTS SECRET_KEY ! $ python manage.py --settings=[setting path] $ django-admin.py --settings=[setting path] $ export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=[setting path]
- 7. Django Configurations Designate Settings DEBUG/ TEMPLATE_DEBUG ALLOWED_HOSTS SECRET_KEY ! DEBUG = False ! TEMPLATE_DEBUG = False
- 8. Django Configurations Designate Settings DEBUG/ TEMPLATE_DEBUG ALLOWED_HOSTS SECRET_KEY ! # Must be set when DEBUG = False ALLOWED_HOSTS = [ 'localhost', 'www.example.com', '.example.com', '*' # Avoid ! ]
- 9. Django Configurations Designate Settings DEBUG/ TEMPLATE_DEBUG ALLOWED_HOSTS SECRET_KEY ! ‣ Configuration values, not code. ‣ DO NOT keep them in version control. ‣ Use environment variables.
- 10. Django Configurations Designate Settings DEBUG/ TEMPLATE_DEBUG ALLOWED_HOSTS SECRET_KEY ! ! def get_env_variable(varname): try: return os.environ[varname] except KeyError: msg = "Set the %s environment variable" % var_name raise ImporperlyConfigured(msg)
- 11. I. Django Configurations II.Django Security Features III. Django Admin IV. What Else ?
- 12. Django Security Features XSSProtection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation
- 13. Django Security Features XSSProtection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation ‣ Django by default escapes specific characters ‣ Be careful when using is_safe attribute ‣ Be very careful when storing HTML in Database
- 14. Django Security Features XSSProtection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation
- 15. CSRF protection • DjangoCSRF Protection Workflow • CSRF Protection for AJAX Request • HTML Search Form • CsrfViewMiddleware rather than @csrf_protect • Be careful with @csrf_exempt
- 16. CSRF protection • DjangoCSRF Protection Workflow • CSRF Protection for AJAX Request • HTML Search Form • CsrfViewMiddleware rather than csrf_protect() • Be careful with csrf_exempt() ‣ Random token value by CsrfViewMiddleware (CSRF cookie) ‣ `csrf_token` template tag generate hidden input ‣ Every request calls django.middleware.csrf.get_token() ‣ Compare CSRF cookie with `csrfmiddlewaretoken` value ‣ With HTTPS, CsrfViewMiddleWare will check referer header
- 17. CSRF protection • DjangoCSRF Protection Workflow • CSRF Protection for AJAX Request • HTML Search Form • CsrfViewMiddleware rather than csrf_protect() • Be careful with csrf_exempt() ‣ Pass CSRF token as POST data with every POST request ‣ Set a custom `X-CSRFToken` header on each request ‣ CSRF cookie might not exist without `csrf_token` tag
- 18. CSRF protection • DjangoCSRF Protection Workflow • CSRF Protection for AJAX Request • HTML Search Form • CsrfViewMiddleware rather than csrf_protect() • Be careful with csrf_exempt() var origSync = Backbone.sync; Backbone.sync = function (method, model, options) { options.beforeSend = function (xhr) { xhr.setRequestHeader('X-CSRFToken', $.cookie('csrftoken')); }; ! return origSync(method, model, options); };
- 19. CSRF protection • DjangoCSRF Protection Workflow • CSRF Protection for AJAX Request • HTML Search Form • CsrfViewMiddleware rather than @csrf_protect • Be careful with @csrf_exempt
- 20. CSRF protection • DjangoCSRF Protection Workflow • CSRF Protection for AJAX Request • HTML Search Form • CsrfViewMiddleware rather than @csrf_protect • Be careful with @csrf_exempt
- 21. CSRF protection • DjangoCSRF Protection Workflow • CSRF Protection for AJAX Request • HTML Search Form • CsrfViewMiddleware rather than @csrf_protect • Be careful with @csrf_exempt
- 22. Django Security Features XSSProtection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation
- 23. Injection protection • ScriptInjection • SQL Injection
- 24. Injection protection • ScriptInjection • SQL Injection ‣Beware of the eval(), exec() and execfile() ‣DO NOT use `pickle` module to serialize/deserialize data. ‣Only use safe_load() in PyYAML
- 25. Injection protection • ScriptInjection • SQL Injection ‣ Django Queryset escape varaibles automatically ‣ Be careful to escape raw SQL properly ‣ Exercise caution when using extra()
- 26. Django Security Features XSSProtection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation
- 27. Clickjacking protection • `X-Frame-Options`HTTP header • Configurations • @xframe_options_exempt • Browsers Support
- 28. Clickjacking protection • `X-Frame-Options`HTTP header • Configurations • @xframe_options_exempt • Browsers Support Whether or not a resource is allowed to load within a frame or iframe
- 29. Clickjacking protection • `X-Frame-Options`HTTP header • Configurations • @xframe_options_exempt • Browsers Support MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = ( ... 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ... )
- 30. Clickjacking protection • `X-Frame-Options`HTTP header • Configurations • @xframe_options_exempt • Browsers Support # Default X_FRAME_OPTIONS = 'SAMEORIGIN' ! X_FRAME_OPTIONS = 'DENY'
- 31. Clickjacking protection • `X-Frame-Options`HTTP header • Configurations • @xframe_options_exempt • Browsers Support
- 32. Clickjacking protection • `X-Frame-Options`HTTP header • Configurations • @xframe_options_exempt • Browsers Support ‣ Internet Explorer 8+ ‣ Firefox 3.6.9+ ‣ Opera 10.5+ ‣ Safari 4+ ‣ Chrome 4.1+
- 33. Django Security Features XSSProtection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation
- 34. SSL / HTTPS •HTTPS Everywhere ! • Secure Cookies • HSTS • Packages
- 35. SSL / HTTPS •HTTPS Everywhere ! • Secure Cookies • HSTS • Packages ‣ Web server configuration ‣ Django middleware ‣ SSL certificate from reputable source
- 36. SSL / HTTPS •HTTPS Everywhere ! • Secure Cookies • HSTS • Packages SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = False ! $ export HTTPS=on
- 37. SSL / HTTPS •HTTPS Everywhere ! • Secure Cookies • HSTS • Packages SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE = True ! CSRF_COOKIE_SECURE = True
- 38. SSL / HTTPS •HTTPS Everywhere ! • Secure Cookies • HSTS • Packages ‣Redirect HTTP links to HTTPS ‣Web server level configuration ‣HSTS-compliant browsers
- 39. SSL / HTTPS •HTTPS Everywhere ! • Secure Cookies • HSTS • Packages Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000, includeSubDomains
- 40. SSL / HTTPS •HTTPS Everywhere ! • Secure Cookies • HSTS • Packages ‣ django-sslify ‣ django-secure ‣ django-hstsmiddleware
- 41. Django Security Features XSSProtection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation
- 42. Password Storage • PBKDF2+ SHA256 • User.password • PASSWORD_HASHER • Use bcrypt • Increase work factor
- 43. Password Storage • PBKDF2+ SHA256 • User.password • PASSWORD_HASHER • Use bcrypt • Increase work factor
- 44. Password Storage • PBKDF2+ SHA256 • User.password • PASSWORD_HASHER • Use bcrypt • Increase work factor <algorithm>$<iteration>$<salt>$<hash>
- 45. Password Storage • PBKDF2+ SHA256 • User.password • PASSWORD_HASHER • Use bcrypt • Increase work factor PASSWORD_HASHERS = ( 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.PBKDF2PasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.PBKDF2SHA1PasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.BCryptSHA256PasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.BCryptPasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.MD5PasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.UnsaltedSHA1PasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.UnsaltedMD5PasswordHasher', 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.CryptPasswordHasher', )
- 46. Password Storage • PBKDF2+ SHA256 • User.password • PASSWORD_HASHER • bcrypt • Increase work factor
- 47. Password Storage • PBKDF2+ SHA256 • User.password • PASSWORD_HASHER • Use bcrypt • Increase work factor
- 48. Django Security Features XSSProtection CSRF Protection Injection Protection Clickjacking Protection SSL / HTTPS Password Storage Data Validation
- 49. Data Validation • DjangoForms • User-Uploaded Content
- 50. Data Validation • DjangoForms • User-Uploaded Content ‣ Designed to validate Python dictionaries ‣ Not only for HTTP POST request ‣ DO NOT use ModelForms.Meta.exclude ‣ Use ModelForms.Meta.fields instead
- 51. Data Validation • DjangoForms • User-Uploaded Content from django import forms from .models import Store ! class StoreForm(forms.ModelForm): ! class Meta: model = Store # Don't Do this!! excludes = ("pk", "slug", "modified")
- 52. Data Validation • DjangoForms • User-Uploaded Content from django import forms from .models import Store ! class StoreForm(forms.ModelForm): ! class Meta: model = Store # Explicitly specifying what we want fields = ("title", "address", "email")
- 53. Data Validation • DjangoForms • User-Uploaded Content ‣ Limit upload in web server ‣ FileField / ImageField ‣ python-magic ‣ Validate with specific file type library
- 54. Data Validation • DjangoForms • User-Uploaded Content from django.utils.image import Image ! try: Image.open(file).verify() except Exception: # Pillow (or PIL) doesn't recognize it as an image. six.reraise(ValidationError, ValidationError( self.error_messages['invalid_image'], code='invalid_image', ), sys.exc_info()[2])
- 55. I. Django Configurations II.Django Security Features III. Django Admin IV. What Else ?
- 56. Django Admin Change theDefault Admin URL Access Admin via HTTPS Limited Access Based on IP Use `allow_tags` attribute with Caution Admin Docs Packages
- 57. Django Admin Change theDefault Admin URL Access Admin via HTTPS Limited Access Based on IP Use `allow_tags` attribute with Caution Admin Docs Packages
- 58. Django Admin Change theDefault Admin URL Access Admin via HTTPS Limited Access Based on IP Use `allow_tags` attribute with Caution Admin Docs Packages
- 59. Django Admin Change theDefault Admin URL Access Admin via HTTPS Limited Access Based on IP Use `allow_tags` attribute with Caution Admin Docs Packages ‣ Web server configuration ‣ Django middleware
- 60. Django Admin Change theDefault Admin URL Access Admin via HTTPS Limited Access Based on IP Use `allow_tags` attribute with Caution Admin Docs Packages
- 61. Django Admin Change theDefault Admin URL Access Admin via HTTPS Limited Access Based on IP Use `allow_tags` attribute with Caution Admin Docs Packages
- 62. Django Admin Change theDefault Admin URL Access Admin via HTTPS Limited Access Based on IP Use `allow_tags` attribute with Caution Admin Docs Packages ‣ django-admin-honeypot ‣ django-axes
- 63. I. Django Configurations II.Django Security Features III. Django Admin IV. What Else ?
- 64. What else ? Hardenyour servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date
- 65. What else ? Hardenyour servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date
- 66. What else ? Hardenyour servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date ‣ PCI-DSS Security Standards ‣ Sufficient Time/Resource/Funds ‣ Using 3rd-Party Services ‣ Beware of Open Source Solutions
- 67. What else ? Hardenyour servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date ‣ Check access/error logs regularly ‣ Install monitoring tools
- 68. What else ? Hardenyour servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date
- 69. What else ? Hardenyour servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date
- 70. What else ? Hardenyour servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date
- 71. What else ? Hardenyour servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date
- 72. What else ? Hardenyour servers NEVER store credit card data Server monitoring Vulnerability reporting page Keep things up-to-date
- 73. Keep Things Up-to-Date •Dependencies • Security Practices
- 74. Keep Things Up-to-Date •Dependencies • Security Practiceshttps://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/
- 75. Keep Things Up-to-Date •Dependencies • Security Practices
- 76. Keep Things Up-to-Date •Dependencies • Security Practices
- 77. Keep Things Up-to-Date •Dependencies • Security Practices
- 78.