Testing untestable code - ConFoo13

Testing untestable code Stephan Hochdörfer, bitExpert AG

Testing untestable code About me  Stephan Hochdörfer  Head of IT at bitExpert AG, Germany  enjoying PHP since 1999  S.Hochdoerfer@bitExpert.de  @shochdoerfer

Testing untestable code No excuse for writing bad code!

Testing untestable code "Hang the rules. They're more like guidelines anyway." Elizabeth Swann, Pirates of the Caribbean

Testing untestable code "There is no secret to writing tests, there are only secrets to write testable code!" Miško Hevery

Testing untestable code What is „untestable code“?

Testing untestable code "...our test strategy requires us to have more control [...] of the sut." Gerard Meszaros, xUnit Test Patterns: Refactoring Test Code

Testing untestable code In a perfect world... Unittest Unittest SUT SUT

Testing untestable code Legacy code is not perfect... Dependency Dependency Unittest Unittest SUT SUT Dependency Dependency

Testing untestable code ... Legacy code is not perfect... Dependency Dependency Unittest Unittest SUT SUT Dependency Dependency ...

Testing untestable code How to get „testable“ code?

Testing untestable code How to get „testable“ code? Refactoring

Testing untestable code "Before you start refactoring, check that you have a solid suite of tests." Martin Fowler, Refactoring

Testing untestable code Which path to take?

Testing untestable code Which path to take? Do not change existing code!

Testing untestable code Examples Object Construction External resources Language issues

Testing untestable code Object construction <?php class Car { private $Engine; public function __construct($sEngine) { $this>Engine = Engine::getByType($sEngine); } }

Testing untestable code Object construction - Autoload <?php function run_autoload($psClass) { $sFileToInclude = strtolower($psClass).'.php'; if(strtolower($psClass) == 'engine') { $sFileToInclude = '/custom/mocks/'. $sFileToInclude; } include($sFileToInclude); } // Testcase spl_autoload_register('run_autoload'); $oCar = new Car('Diesel'); echo $oCar>run();

Testing untestable code Object construction <?php include('Engine.php'); class Car { private $Engine; public function __construct($sEngine) { $this>Engine = Engine::getByType($sEngine); } }

Testing untestable code Object construction - include_path <?php ini_set('include_path', '/custom/mocks/'.PATH_SEPARATOR. ini_get('include_path')); // Testcase include('car.php'); $oCar = new Car('Diesel'); echo $oCar>run();

Testing untestable code Object construction – Stream Wrapper <?php class CustomWrapper { private $_handler; function stream_open($path, $mode, $options, &$opened_path) { stream_wrapper_restore('file'); // @TODO: modify $path before fopen $this>_handler = fopen($path, $mode); stream_wrapper_unregister('file'); stream_wrapper_register('file', 'CustomWrapper'); return true; } }

Testing untestable code Object construction – Stream Wrapper stream_wrapper_unregister('file'); stream_wrapper_register('file', 'CustomWrapper');

Testing untestable code Object construction – Stream Wrapper <?php class CustomWrapper { private $_handler; function stream_read($count) { $content = fread($this>_handler, $count); $content = str_replace('Engine::getByType', 'AbstractEngine::get', $content); return $content; } }

Testing untestable code External resources

Testing untestable code External resources Database Webservice Filesystem Mailserver

Testing untestable code External resources – Mock database

Testing untestable code External resources – Mock database Provide own implementation

Testing untestable code External resources – Mock database ZF1 example: $db = new Custom_Db_Adapter(array()); Zend_Db_Table::setDefaultAdapter($db);

Testing untestable code External resources – Mock database PHPUnit_Extensions_Database_TestCase

Testing untestable code External resources – Mock database require_once "PHPUnit/Extensions/Database/TestCase.php"; class MySampleTest extends PHPUnit_Extensions_Database_TestCase { public function getConnection() { $pdo = new PDO('sqlite::memory:'); return $this>createDefaultDBConnection $pdo, ':memory:'); } public function getDataSet() { return $this>createFlatXMLDataSet( dirname(__FILE__).'/_files/data.xml' ); } }

Testing untestable code External resources – Mock database Proxy for your SQL Server

Testing untestable code External resources – Mock webservice

Testing untestable code External resources – Mock webservice Provide own implementation

Testing untestable code External resources – Mock webservice Host redirect via /etc/hosts

Testing untestable code External resources – Mock filesystem

Testing untestable code External resources – Mock filesystem <?php // set up test environmemt vfsStream::setup('exampleDir'); // create directory in test enviroment mkdir(vfsStream::url('exampleDir').'/sample/'); // check if directory was created echo vfsStreamWrapper::getRoot()>hasChild('sample');

Testing untestable code External resources – Mock Mailserver

Testing untestable code External resources – Mock Mailserver Use fake mail server

Testing untestable code External resources – Mock Mailserver $ cat /etc/php5/php.ini | grep sendmail_path sendmail_path=/usr/local/bin/logmail $ cat /usr/local/bin/logmail cat >> /tmp/logmail.log

Testing untestable code Dealing with language issues

Testing untestable code Dealing with language issues Testing your privates?

Testing untestable code Dealing with language issues <?php class CustomWrapper { private $_handler; function stream_read($count) { $content = fread($this>_handler, $count); $content = str_replace( 'private function', 'public function', $content ); return $content; } }

Testing untestable code Dealing with language issues $myClass = new MyClass(); $reflectionClass = new ReflectionClass('MyClass'); $reflectionMethod = $reflectionClass> getMethod('mydemo'); $reflectionMethod>setAccessible(true); $reflectionMethod>invoke($myClass);

Testing untestable code Dealing with language issues Overwrite internal functions?

Testing untestable code Dealing with language issues pecl install runkit-0.9

Testing untestable code Dealing with language issues - Runkit <?php ini_set('runkit.internal_override', '1'); runkit_function_redefine('mail','','return true;'); ?>

Testing untestable code Dealing with language issues pecl install funcall-0.3.0alpha

Testing untestable code Dealing with language issues - Funcall <?php function my_func($arg1, $arg2) { return $arg1.$arg2; } function post_cb($args,$result, $process_time) { // return custom result based on $args } fc_add_post('my_func','post_cb'); var_dump(my_func('php', 'c'));

Testing untestable code Dealing with language issues funcall for methods?

Testing untestable code Dealing with language issues git clone https://github/juliens/AOP

Testing untestable code Dealing with language issues - AOP <?php aop_add_after('Car::drive*', 'adviceForDrive');

Testing untestable code Dealing with language issues - AOP <?php $advice = function(AopTriggeredJoinpoint $jp) { $returnValue = $jp>getReturnedValue(); // modify the return value $returnValue = 1234; $jp>setReturnedValue($returnValue); }; aop_add_after('Car>drive()', $advice);

Testing untestable code And now? Spaghetti mess... <?php $all_tables_query = ' SELECT table_name, MAX(version) as version FROM ...'; $all_tables_result = PMA_query_as_controluser($all_tables_query); // If a HEAD version exists if (PMA_DBI_num_rows($all_tables_result) > 0) { ?> <div id="tracked_tables"> <h3><?php echo __('Tracked tables');?></h3> <?php }

Testing untestable code What else? Generative Programming

Testing untestable code Generative Programming Configuration Configuration (DSL) (DSL) 1..n Implementation- Implementation- components Generator Generator Product components Product

Testing untestable code Generative Programming Configuration Configuration (DSL) (DSL) Customer 22 Customer Implementation- Implementation- components Generator Generator Customer 11 components Customer

Testing untestable code Generative Programming Configuration Configuration (DSL) (DSL) Test Test Enviroment Enviroment Implementation- Implementation- components Generator Generator Prod. Prod. components Enviroment Enviroment

Testing untestable code Generative Programming A frame is a data structure for representing knowledge.

Testing untestable code Frame <?php class Car { private $Engine; public function __construct($sEngine) { $this>Engine = <!{Factory}!>:: getByType($sEngine); } }

Testing untestable code ContentProvider for the Frame public class MyContentProvider extends AbstractContentProvider { public SlotConfiguration computeSlots( FeatureConfiguration config) { SlotConfiguration sl = new SlotConfiguration(); if(config.hasFeature("unittest")) { sl.put("Factory", "FactoryMock"); } else { sl.put("Factory", "EngineFactory"); } return sl; } }

Testing untestable code Generated result – Test Enviroment <?php class Car { private $Engine; public function __construct($sEngine) { $this>Engine = FactoryMock:: getByType($sEngine); } }

Testing untestable code Generated result – Prod. Enviroment <?php class Car { private $Engine; public function __construct($sEngine) { $this>Engine = EngineFactory:: getByType($sEngine); } }

Testing untestable code Curious for more? http://replicatorframework.org

Testing untestable code Flickr Credits http://www.flickr.com/photos/andresrueda/3452940751/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/andresrueda/3455410635/

Testing untestable code - ConFoo13

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