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Zend Framework Foundations

The document provides an overview of the Zend Framework 2, covering its structure, components, and functionalities such as modules, service managers, and event managers. It emphasizes the framework's capabilities for dependency injection and managing application flow using its features like MVC, logging, and configuration. Additionally, it outlines best practices for implementing services, event handling, and other essential aspects of building applications with Zend Framework 2.

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ZEND FRAMEWORK FOUNDATIONS CHUCK REEVES @MANCHUCK
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 WHAT WE WILL COVER ▸ Intro to Zend Framework 2 ▸ Modules ▸ Service Locator ▸ Event Manager ▸ MVC ▸ Forms ▸ Database ▸ Logging 2INTRO TO ZEND FRAMEWORK 2
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 http://framework.zend.com/manual/current/en/index.html https://github.com/manchuck/phpworld-zf2
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 BASICS
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 INTRO TO ZEND FRAMEWORK 2 ▸ Release in Fall 2012 ▸ Updated modules from Zend Framework 1 ▸ Collection of Individual components ▸ PSR-0 Compliant SOME BASICS 5
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 INTRO TO ZEND FRAMEWORK 2 GETTING STARTED ▸ Using the skeleton app cd my/project/dir
 git clone git://github.com/zendframework/ZendSkeletonApplication.git
 cd ZendSkeletonApplication
 php composer.phar install ▸ God Mode (aka Composer): "require": {
 "zendframework/zendframework": "~2.5"
 } 6
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 FILE STRUCTURE ▸ config - stores global config options ▸ data - cache, logs, session files ▸ module - your custom modules ▸ public - HTML, CSS, JS, Images ▸ test - Integration tests and test bootstrap INTRO TO ZEND FRAMEWORK 2 7
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 INTRO TO ZEND FRAMEWORK 2 APPLICATION BASICS ▸ At its core, ZF2 applications have 6 dependancies: 1. ZendConfig - a Traversable object containing merged config 2. ZendServiceManager - A Service Locator for loading/creating objects 3. ZendEventManager - An Event dispatcher for controlling application flow 4. ZendModuleManager - Used for loading/finding configured modules 5. Request - Helper for managing the incoming request 6. Response - Helper for returning a response 8
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MODULES
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MODULES FILE STRUCTURE ▸ config - holds the config(s) ▸ language - PO language files (or other I18N translations) ▸ src - source code for the modules ▸ test - module specific tests ▸ view - view scripts and layout ▸ autoload_classmap - maps classes to files ▸ Module.php - bootstrap for the module 10
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MODULES BOOTSTRAPPING MODULES ‣ The ModuleManager brokers loading files using the EventManager ‣ Allows initializing 3rd party libraries ‣ Three methods for bootstrapping: ‣ init ‣ modulesLoaded ‣ onBootstrap 11
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MODULES THE ONLY THING A MODULE NEEDS 12 
 use ZendModuleManagerFeatureAutoloaderProviderInterface;
 use ZendModuleManagerFeatureConfigProviderInterface;
 
 class Module implements ConfigProviderInterface, AutoloaderProviderInterface
 {
 public function getConfig()
 {
 return include __DIR__ . '/config/module.config.php';
 }
 public function getAutoloaderConfig()
 {
 return array(
 'ZendLoaderClassMapAutoloader' => array(
 __DIR__ . '/autoload_classmap.php',
 ),
 'ZendLoaderStandardAutoloader' => array(
 'namespaces' => array(
 __NAMESPACE__ => __DIR__ . '/src/' . __NAMESPACE__,
 ),
 ),
 );
 }
 }
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER DEPENDENCY INJECTION - FOR THOSE WHO DON'T KNOW ▸ Instead of creating all the objects needed by a class, you "inject" a created object that the class knows how to interact with it ▸ Makes testing easier (you are writing tests correct?) ▸ Code changes are a breeze ▸ Reduces class coupling 14
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER DEPENDENCY INJECTION - METHOD class MapService {
 public function getLatLong(
 GoogleMaps $map,
 $street,
 $city, 
 $state
 ) {
 return $map->getLatLong($street . ' ' . $city . ' ' . $state);
 }
 } 15
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER DEPENDENCY INJECTION - __CONSTRUCT class MapService 
 {
 protected $map;
 public function __construct(GoogleMaps $map) {
 $this->$map = $map;
 }
 
 public function getLatLong($street, $city, $state ) {
 return $this->map->getLatLong($street . ' ' . $city . ' ' . $state);
 }
 } 16
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER DEPENDENCY INJECTION - SETTERS class MapService
 {
 protected $map;
 public function setMap(GoogleMaps $map) {
 $this->$map = $map;
 }
 
 public function getMap() {
 return $this->map;
 }
 
 public function getLatLong($street, $city, $state ) {
 return $this->getMap()->getLatLong($street . ' ' . $city . ' ' . $state);
 }
 } 17
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER WHAT IS A SERVICE LOCATOR ▸ Purpose - "To implement a loosely coupled architecture in order to get better testable, maintainable and extendable code. DI pattern and Service Locator pattern are an implementation of the Inverse of Control pattern." * ▸ Keeps DI Simple and clean ▸ Only has two methods: get() and has() 18 * https://github.com/domnikl/DesignPatternsPHP/tree/master/More/ServiceLocator
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER WHAT IS IN THE SERVICE MANAGER ▸ Invokables - Objects that can just be called via "new <class_name>" ▸ Factories - a class that creates another (follows the factory pattern) ▸ Abstract Factories - Factories that create many objects using a config ▸ Initializers - Used to add additional dependancies after the object is created (ex. adding logging to classes with out having a huge dependency list) ▸ Delegators - wrappers that adds more functionality to existing objects ▸ Aliases - simpler names for services 19
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER REGISTERING SERVICES - CONFIG 'service_manager' => [
 'abstract_factories' => [
 'ZendLogLoggerAbstractServiceFactory',
 ],
 'factories' => [
 'MyModuleMyService' => 'MyModuleMyServiceFactory'
 ],
 'invokables' => [
 'FooBar' => 'stdClass'
 ],
 'delgators' => [
 'MyModuleMyService' => [
 'MyModuleMyServiceDelegator'
 ]
 ],
 'alises' => [
 'MyService' => 'MyModuleMyService'
 ]
 ] 20
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER REGISTERING SERVICES - THE WRONG WAY! 'factories' => [
 'MyModuleMyService' => function ($sm) {
 // do crazy things to build
 // this class and slow down // your application 
 return $service;
 }
 ], 21
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER REGISTERING SERVICES - THE WRONG WAY! ▸ SERIOUSLY DON'T USE CLOSURES TO REGISTER SERVICES ▸ YOU MIGHT AS WELL USE TABS ▸ LIKE EVER 22
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER REGISTERING SERVICES - CONCRETE OBJECT use ZendServiceManagerServiceManager;
 
 $serviceManager = new ServiceManager();
 
 //sets the created object instead of having the SM buildone
 $fooBar = new stdClass();
 $serviceManager->setService('FooBar', $fooBar); 23
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER REGISTERING SERVICES - IN CODE use ZendServiceManagerServiceManager;
 
 $serviceManager = new ServiceManager();
 
 $serviceManager->setFactory('MyModuleMyService', 'MyModuleMyServiceFactory'); 
 $serviceManager->setInvokableClass('FooBar', 'stdClass');
 $serviceManager->addAbstractFactory('ZendLogLoggerAbstractServiceFactory');
 $serviceManager->addDelegator('MyModuleMyService', 'MyModuleMyServiceDelegator');
 $serviceManager->setAlias('MyService', 'MyModuleMyService'); 24
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER FACTORIES ▸ Contains the code to build the object ▸ The ServiceManager is passed in to the create function ▸ can either implement ZendServiceManagerFactoryInterface or just implement __invoke 25
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER ABSTRACT FACTORIES ▸ Allows one factory that builds multiple objects based on a config ▸ Prevents writing multiple factories that do similar functions based on a config ▸ MUST Implement ZendServiceManagerAbstractFactoryInterface ▸ defines canCreateServiceWithName() and createServiceWithName() 26
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER ABSTRACT FACTORIES use ZendDbTableGatewayTableGateway;
 use ZendServiceManagerFactoryInterface;
 use ZendServiceManagerServiceLocatorInterface;
 
 class ProjectsTableFactory implements FactoryInterface {
 public function createService(ServiceLocatorInterface $serviceLocator) {
 $adapter = new $serviceLocator->get('ZendDbAdapterAdapter');
 return new TableGateway('projects', $adapter);
 }
 }
 
 class CategoriesTableFactory implements FactoryInterface {
 public function createService(ServiceLocatorInterface $serviceLocator) {
 $adapter = new $serviceLocator->get('ZendDbAdapterAdapter');
 return new TableGateway('categories', $adapter);
 }
 } 27
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER ABSTRACT FACTORIES use ZendDbTableGatewayTableGateway;
 use ZendServiceManagerAbstractFactoryInterface;
 use ZendServiceManagerServiceLocatorInterface;
 
 class TableAbstractFactory implements AbstractFactoryInterface {
 public function canCreateServiceWithName(ServiceLocatorInterface $sl, $name, $requestedName) {
 return preg_match("/Table$/", $requestedName);
 }
 
 public function createServiceWithName(ServiceLocatorInterface $sl, $name, $requestedName) {
 $adapter = $sl->get('ZendDbAdapterAdapter');
 $tableName = str_replace('Table', '', $requestedName);
 $tableName = strtolower($tableName);
 
 return new TableGateway($tableName, $adapter);
 }
 } 28
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER INITIALIZERS ▸ Applied to every object that the ServiceManager created ▸ Useful to inject other dependancies ▸ Do not over use them (50 Initializers with 300 objects means 15,000 calls) 29
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER DELEGATORS ▸ Add functionality to a class ▸ Transfers process to another object based on conditions ▸ Technically ZF2 delegators are decorators ▸ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delegation_pattern 30
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER DELEGATORS - HOW THEY WORK ▸ A delegator factory (MUST implement ZendServiceManager DelegatorFactoryInterface) ▸ FactoryClass MUST BE registered as separate service in the ServiceManager ▸ Note: the delegator will not be passed through initializers 31
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER OTHER SERVICE MANAGERS ▸ ZF2 builds other service managers that will be injected with the main service manager ▸ ControllerManager, InputFilterManager, RouterPluginManager, and FormElementManager are just some 32
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER EVENT MANAGER ▸ Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP) ▸ What it is useful for: ▸ Logging ▸ Caching ▸ Authorization ▸ Sanitizing ▸ Auditing ▸ Notifying the user when something happens (or fails) 34
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER ASPECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING 101 - TERMS ▸ Aspect - The object being interacted with ▸ Advice - What should be done with each method of the aspect ▸ Joinpoint - Places where Advice can be created ▸ Pointcut - Matches Joinpoint to an Advice 35
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER ASPECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING 101 - ADVICE TYPES ▸ Before advice - Applied before the advice is called ▸ After returning advice - Applied after the advice is called ▸ After throwing advice - Applied when an error happens ▸ Around advice - combines the Before and After returning advice* 36 http://www.sitepoint.com/explore-aspect-oriented-programming-with-codeigniter-1/
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER HOW IT WORKS IN ZF2 ▸ Events chain until no more listeners are registered or a listener stops propagation of events ▸ Listeners are called in order of priority. From the higher number to lower number ▸ Responses from each listener is stored in a collection and returned back to the calling code 37
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER REGISTERING EVENTS - CALLBACKS use ZendEventManagerEventManager;
 use ZendEventManagerEvent;
 use ZendLogLogger;
 
 $log = new Logger(['writers' => [['name' => 'noop']]]);
 $events = new EventManager();
 $events->attach('my_event', function (Event $event) use ($log) {
 $event = $event->getName();
 $target = get_class($event->getTarget());
 $params = json_encode($event->getParams());
 
 $log->info(sprintf(
 '%s called on %s, using params %s',
 $event,
 $target,
 $params
 ));
 });
 
 $target = new stdClass();
 $params = ['foo' => 'bar'];
 $events->trigger('my_event', $target, $params); 38
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER REGISTERING EVENTS - AGGREGATE class Listener implements ListenerAggregateInterface, LoggerAwareInterface
 {
 use LoggerAwareTrait;
 
 protected $listeners = [];
 
 public function attach(EventManagerInterface $events) {
 $this->listeners[] = $events->attach('my_event', [$this, 'logEvent'], 1000);
 }
 
 public function detach(EventManagerInterface $events) {
 foreach ($this->listeners as $index => $callback) {
 if ($events->detach($callback)) {
 unset($this->listeners[$index]);
 }
 }
 }
 }
 
 $events->attach(new Listener()); 39
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER REGISTERING EVENTS - OTHER ▸ Register a listener to multiple events using an array $events->attach(['my_event_1', 'my_event_2'], [$this, 'logEvent']); ▸ Or using a wildcard $events->attach('*', [$this, 'logEvent']); 40
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER SHARED EVENT MANAGER ▸ Segregates events from other classes that could interfere with the listeners ▸ JIT loading of listeners to keep the event manager lightweight 41
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER SHARED EVENT MANAGER - REGISTERING LISTENERS public function setEventManager(EventManagerInterface $eventManager)
 {
 $eventManager->addIdentifiers(array(
 get_called_class()
 ));
 
 $this->eventManager = $eventManager;
 } 43
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER SHARED EVENT MANAGER - REGISTERING LISTENERS public function onBootstrap(MvcEvent $event)
 {
 $eventManager = $event->getApplication()- >getEventManager();
 $sharedEventManager = $eventManager->getSharedManager();
 
 $sharedEventManager->attach('MyService', 'my_event', function($e) {
 var_dump($e);
 }, 100);
 } 44
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC MODELS ▸ Nothing special they are just classes 46
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC MVC_EVENT ▸ Created during application bootstrap ▸ Provides helpers to access the Application, Request, Response, Router, and the View. (all these are injected during the bootstrap event 47
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC MVC_EVENT - EVENTS ▸ MvcEvent::EVENT_BOOTSTRAP - Prepares the application ▸ MvcEvent::EVENT_ROUTE - Matches the request to a controller ▸ MvcEvent::EVENT_DISPATCH - Call the matched controller ▸ MvcEvent::EVENT_DISPATCH_ERROR - Error happens during dispatch ▸ MvcEvent::EVENT_RENDER - Prepares the data to be rendered ▸ MvcEvent::EVENT_RENDER_ERROR - Error during rendering ▸ MvcEvent::EVENT_FINISH - Finial task 48
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC ROUTING ▸ Provides a means to match a request to a controller ▸ Matching can be made on any part of the URL ▸ Three router types: ConsoleSimpleRouteStack, HttpSimpleRouterStack and HttpTreeRouterStack 49
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC CONTROLLERS ▸ Controllers are dispatched from a Router ▸ A Controller just needs to implement ZendStdlibDispatchableInterface ▸ Other common interfaces for controllers: ▸ ZendMvcInjectApplicationEventInterface ▸ ZendServiceManagerServiceLocatorAwareInterface ▸ ZendEventManagerEventManagerAwareInterface 50
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC CONTROLLERS - DEFAULT ▸ ZendMvcControllerAbstractController ▸ ZendMvcControllerAbstractActionController ▸ ZendMvcControllerAbstractRestfulController ▸ ZendMvcControllerAbstractConsoleController 51
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC CONTROLLERS - PLUGINS ▸ Provides helper functions to controllers ▸ Default Plugins (More to come later) ▸ FlashMessenger ▸ Forward ▸ Params ▸ PostRedirectGet ▸ Redirect ▸ Url 52
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC CONTROLLER PLUGINS - CUSTOM PLUGINS IN 3 STEPS ▸ Create plugin ▸ Register in config ▸ Call in controller 53
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC VIEWS ▸ Views incorporate multiple levels to render a response ▸ By default uses the PHP template system (but can use your templating system of choice) ▸ Layouts are also possible since ViewModels can be nested ▸ Your controllers do not need to return a ViewModel 54
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC VIEW - ONE VIEW MANY LAYERS ▸ Containers - holds variables and or callbacks (typically a model or the array representation of the model) ▸ View Model - Connects the Container to a template (if applicable) ▸ Renders - Takes the Model and returns the representation of the model (Three are included by default: PhpRenderer, JsonRenderer, FeedRenderer) ▸ Resolvers - Uses a strategy to resolve a template for the renderer ▸ Rendering Strategies - Decides which renderer to use ▸ Response Strategies - Handles setting the headers responses 55
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC VIEWS - HOW TO USE ▸ From controller: $view = new ViewModel(array(
 'message' => 'Hello world',
 ));
 $view->setTemplate('my/template');
 return $view; ▸ Or return array(
 'message' => 'Hello world',
 ); 56
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC VIEW - HELPERS ▸ Used with the PhpRenderer ▸ Handles common functions within a view ▸ Check out the manual for complete list visit: http://framework.zend.com/ manual/current/en/modules/zend.view.helpers.html 57
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC VIEW - CREATING CUSTOM HELPERS ▸ Have your helper implement ZendViewHelperHelperInterface ▸ or just extend ZendViewHelperAbstractHelper ▸ Register the helper ▸ in the config under 'view_helpers' ▸ in the module by implementing ZendModuleManagerFeature ViewHelperProviderInterface 58
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC REQUEST AND RESPONSE ▸ Abstracts the HTTP (or console) Request and response ▸ Can also be used with the ZendHttp when you need to make CURL requests ▸ ViewModels can also understand the response based on different PHP runtimes (console or web requests) 59
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC RESPONSE use ZendHttpResponse; $response = new Response();
 $response->setStatusCode(Response::STATUS_CODE_200);
 $response->getHeaders()->addHeaders(array(
 'HeaderField1' => 'header-field-value',
 'HeaderField2' => 'header-field-value2',
 ));
 $response->setContent("Hello Word"); 60
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC REQUEST use ZendHttpRequest;
 
 $request = new Request();
 $request->setMethod(Request::METHOD_POST);
 $request->setUri('/foo');
 $request->getHeaders()->addHeaders(array(
 'HeaderField1' => 'header-field-value1',
 'HeaderField2' => 'header-field-value2',
 ));
 $request->getPost()->set('foo', 'bar'); 61
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC ACCESSING FROM THE CONTROLLER ▸ God Mode: $this->getEvent()->getRequest(); $this->getEvent()->getResponse(); ▸ The easy way: $this->getRequest(); $this->getResponse(); 62
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 FORMS, VALIDATORS AND INPUTFILTERS
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 FORMS, VALIDATORS AND INPUTFILTERS FORMS ▸ Used to bridge Views to Models (epically useful when following DOM) ▸ Takes elements, filters and validators to ensure data integrity. ▸ Creates element objects just-in-time to help keep for classes light 64
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 FORMS, VALIDATORS AND INPUTFILTERS INPUTFILTERS ▸ Filters and validates sets of data by using filters and validators ▸ Can be independent objects, specified in the config or built on the fly in code ▸ Passed by reference, keeps data from being munged elsewhere 65
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 FORMS, VALIDATORS AND INPUTFILTERS FILTERS AND VALIDATORS ▸ Transform data (trim, uppercase, lowercase etc) ▸ Filters are applied before validation ▸ Multiple filters and validators can be applied for each field ▸ Validators get passed the full data set to help validate 66
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 FORMS, VALIDATORS AND INPUTFILTERS RENDERING FORMS ▸ View helpers for each filed type ▸ or simply use the formElement view helper ▸ setting values to the form will display the value by the user 67
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 DATABASE
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 DATABASE OVERVIEW ▸ ZendDb provides simple abstraction for working with RDBMS ▸ Can be used as an ORM ▸ Can use PDO or basic drivers 69
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 DATABASE STATEMENTS ▸ Used to Programmatically create SQL statements ▸ Agnostic towards different systems ▸ Normalizes out queries (as best they can) to handle the differences between RDBMS ▸ Returns Results Statements which can create your models using a hydrator 70
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 DATABASE HYDRATORS ▸ Transform an object to an array ▸ Take and array and set those values on the object (or hydrates an object) ▸ ArraySerializable ▸ ClassMethods ▸ Can also filter values before passing into the object 71
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 DATABASE TABLE/ROW GATEWAY ▸ Represents a row or table in the database ▸ Does all the heavy lifting for building a SQL query. ▸ A Must have when following the Active Record pattern ▸ Definition of the row and table is defined using the ZendDbMetadata* classes 72
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 LOGGING
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 LOGGING BASICS ▸ Allows writing to multiple log locations ▸ Allows filtering out log levels or text ▸ Can be used to log PHP errors and exceptions ▸ Complies with RFC-3164 ▸ Not PSR-3 compliant! (but you can use this module) 74
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 LOGGING HOW IT WORKS ▸ ZendLogLogger is constructed with writers ▸ Writers can get formatters to format the message to your hearts desire ▸ Messages are normally written during shutdown ▸ Logger can also take a filter which messages are logged ▸ Log Level ▸ Regex ▸ Following a Filter or Validator 75
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 LOGGING USING LOGS $logger = new ZendLogLogger;
 $writer = new ZendLogWriterStream('php://output');
 
 $logger->addWriter($writer);
 
 $logger->info('This is an info'); 76
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 QUESTIONS?
Zend Framework Foundations, Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 THANK YOU THANK YOU ▸ Documentation - http://framework.zend.com/manual/current/en/index.html ▸ Marco Pivetta Blogs - http://ocramius.github.io/ ▸ Mathew Weier O'Phinney - https://mwop.net/ ▸ Design Patterns in PHP - https://github.com/domnikl/DesignPatternsPHP ▸ Images: The internet 78

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Zend Framework Foundations

  • 1.
  • 2.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 WHAT WE WILL COVER ▸ Intro to Zend Framework 2 ▸ Modules ▸ Service Locator ▸ Event Manager ▸ MVC ▸ Forms ▸ Database ▸ Logging 2INTRO TO ZEND FRAMEWORK 2
  • 3.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 http://framework.zend.com/manual/current/en/index.html https://github.com/manchuck/phpworld-zf2
  • 4.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 BASICS
  • 5.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 INTRO TO ZEND FRAMEWORK 2 ▸ Release in Fall 2012 ▸ Updated modules from Zend Framework 1 ▸ Collection of Individual components ▸ PSR-0 Compliant SOME BASICS 5
  • 6.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 INTRO TO ZEND FRAMEWORK 2 GETTING STARTED ▸ Using the skeleton app cd my/project/dir
 git clone git://github.com/zendframework/ZendSkeletonApplication.git
 cd ZendSkeletonApplication
 php composer.phar install ▸ God Mode (aka Composer): "require": {
 "zendframework/zendframework": "~2.5"
 } 6
  • 7.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 FILE STRUCTURE ▸ config - stores global config options ▸ data - cache, logs, session files ▸ module - your custom modules ▸ public - HTML, CSS, JS, Images ▸ test - Integration tests and test bootstrap INTRO TO ZEND FRAMEWORK 2 7
  • 8.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 INTRO TO ZEND FRAMEWORK 2 APPLICATION BASICS ▸ At its core, ZF2 applications have 6 dependancies: 1. ZendConfig - a Traversable object containing merged config 2. ZendServiceManager - A Service Locator for loading/creating objects 3. ZendEventManager - An Event dispatcher for controlling application flow 4. ZendModuleManager - Used for loading/finding configured modules 5. Request - Helper for managing the incoming request 6. Response - Helper for returning a response 8
  • 9.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MODULES
  • 10.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MODULES FILE STRUCTURE ▸ config - holds the config(s) ▸ language - PO language files (or other I18N translations) ▸ src - source code for the modules ▸ test - module specific tests ▸ view - view scripts and layout ▸ autoload_classmap - maps classes to files ▸ Module.php - bootstrap for the module 10
  • 11.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MODULES BOOTSTRAPPING MODULES ‣ The ModuleManager brokers loading files using the EventManager ‣ Allows initializing 3rd party libraries ‣ Three methods for bootstrapping: ‣ init ‣ modulesLoaded ‣ onBootstrap 11
  • 12.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MODULES THE ONLY THING A MODULE NEEDS 12 
 use ZendModuleManagerFeatureAutoloaderProviderInterface;
 use ZendModuleManagerFeatureConfigProviderInterface;
 
 class Module implements ConfigProviderInterface, AutoloaderProviderInterface
 {
 public function getConfig()
 {
 return include __DIR__ . '/config/module.config.php';
 }
 public function getAutoloaderConfig()
 {
 return array(
 'ZendLoaderClassMapAutoloader' => array(
 __DIR__ . '/autoload_classmap.php',
 ),
 'ZendLoaderStandardAutoloader' => array(
 'namespaces' => array(
 __NAMESPACE__ => __DIR__ . '/src/' . __NAMESPACE__,
 ),
 ),
 );
 }
 }
  • 13.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER
  • 14.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER DEPENDENCY INJECTION - FOR THOSE WHO DON'T KNOW ▸ Instead of creating all the objects needed by a class, you "inject" a created object that the class knows how to interact with it ▸ Makes testing easier (you are writing tests correct?) ▸ Code changes are a breeze ▸ Reduces class coupling 14
  • 15.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER DEPENDENCY INJECTION - METHOD class MapService {
 public function getLatLong(
 GoogleMaps $map,
 $street,
 $city, 
 $state
 ) {
 return $map->getLatLong($street . ' ' . $city . ' ' . $state);
 }
 } 15
  • 16.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER DEPENDENCY INJECTION - __CONSTRUCT class MapService 
 {
 protected $map;
 public function __construct(GoogleMaps $map) {
 $this->$map = $map;
 }
 
 public function getLatLong($street, $city, $state ) {
 return $this->map->getLatLong($street . ' ' . $city . ' ' . $state);
 }
 } 16
  • 17.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER DEPENDENCY INJECTION - SETTERS class MapService
 {
 protected $map;
 public function setMap(GoogleMaps $map) {
 $this->$map = $map;
 }
 
 public function getMap() {
 return $this->map;
 }
 
 public function getLatLong($street, $city, $state ) {
 return $this->getMap()->getLatLong($street . ' ' . $city . ' ' . $state);
 }
 } 17
  • 18.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER WHAT IS A SERVICE LOCATOR ▸ Purpose - "To implement a loosely coupled architecture in order to get better testable, maintainable and extendable code. DI pattern and Service Locator pattern are an implementation of the Inverse of Control pattern." * ▸ Keeps DI Simple and clean ▸ Only has two methods: get() and has() 18 * https://github.com/domnikl/DesignPatternsPHP/tree/master/More/ServiceLocator
  • 19.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER WHAT IS IN THE SERVICE MANAGER ▸ Invokables - Objects that can just be called via "new <class_name>" ▸ Factories - a class that creates another (follows the factory pattern) ▸ Abstract Factories - Factories that create many objects using a config ▸ Initializers - Used to add additional dependancies after the object is created (ex. adding logging to classes with out having a huge dependency list) ▸ Delegators - wrappers that adds more functionality to existing objects ▸ Aliases - simpler names for services 19
  • 20.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER REGISTERING SERVICES - CONFIG 'service_manager' => [
 'abstract_factories' => [
 'ZendLogLoggerAbstractServiceFactory',
 ],
 'factories' => [
 'MyModuleMyService' => 'MyModuleMyServiceFactory'
 ],
 'invokables' => [
 'FooBar' => 'stdClass'
 ],
 'delgators' => [
 'MyModuleMyService' => [
 'MyModuleMyServiceDelegator'
 ]
 ],
 'alises' => [
 'MyService' => 'MyModuleMyService'
 ]
 ] 20
  • 21.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER REGISTERING SERVICES - THE WRONG WAY! 'factories' => [
 'MyModuleMyService' => function ($sm) {
 // do crazy things to build
 // this class and slow down // your application 
 return $service;
 }
 ], 21
  • 22.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER REGISTERING SERVICES - THE WRONG WAY! ▸ SERIOUSLY DON'T USE CLOSURES TO REGISTER SERVICES ▸ YOU MIGHT AS WELL USE TABS ▸ LIKE EVER 22
  • 23.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER REGISTERING SERVICES - CONCRETE OBJECT use ZendServiceManagerServiceManager;
 
 $serviceManager = new ServiceManager();
 
 //sets the created object instead of having the SM buildone
 $fooBar = new stdClass();
 $serviceManager->setService('FooBar', $fooBar); 23
  • 24.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER REGISTERING SERVICES - IN CODE use ZendServiceManagerServiceManager;
 
 $serviceManager = new ServiceManager();
 
 $serviceManager->setFactory('MyModuleMyService', 'MyModuleMyServiceFactory'); 
 $serviceManager->setInvokableClass('FooBar', 'stdClass');
 $serviceManager->addAbstractFactory('ZendLogLoggerAbstractServiceFactory');
 $serviceManager->addDelegator('MyModuleMyService', 'MyModuleMyServiceDelegator');
 $serviceManager->setAlias('MyService', 'MyModuleMyService'); 24
  • 25.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER FACTORIES ▸ Contains the code to build the object ▸ The ServiceManager is passed in to the create function ▸ can either implement ZendServiceManagerFactoryInterface or just implement __invoke 25
  • 26.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER ABSTRACT FACTORIES ▸ Allows one factory that builds multiple objects based on a config ▸ Prevents writing multiple factories that do similar functions based on a config ▸ MUST Implement ZendServiceManagerAbstractFactoryInterface ▸ defines canCreateServiceWithName() and createServiceWithName() 26
  • 27.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER ABSTRACT FACTORIES use ZendDbTableGatewayTableGateway;
 use ZendServiceManagerFactoryInterface;
 use ZendServiceManagerServiceLocatorInterface;
 
 class ProjectsTableFactory implements FactoryInterface {
 public function createService(ServiceLocatorInterface $serviceLocator) {
 $adapter = new $serviceLocator->get('ZendDbAdapterAdapter');
 return new TableGateway('projects', $adapter);
 }
 }
 
 class CategoriesTableFactory implements FactoryInterface {
 public function createService(ServiceLocatorInterface $serviceLocator) {
 $adapter = new $serviceLocator->get('ZendDbAdapterAdapter');
 return new TableGateway('categories', $adapter);
 }
 } 27
  • 28.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER ABSTRACT FACTORIES use ZendDbTableGatewayTableGateway;
 use ZendServiceManagerAbstractFactoryInterface;
 use ZendServiceManagerServiceLocatorInterface;
 
 class TableAbstractFactory implements AbstractFactoryInterface {
 public function canCreateServiceWithName(ServiceLocatorInterface $sl, $name, $requestedName) {
 return preg_match("/Table$/", $requestedName);
 }
 
 public function createServiceWithName(ServiceLocatorInterface $sl, $name, $requestedName) {
 $adapter = $sl->get('ZendDbAdapterAdapter');
 $tableName = str_replace('Table', '', $requestedName);
 $tableName = strtolower($tableName);
 
 return new TableGateway($tableName, $adapter);
 }
 } 28
  • 29.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER INITIALIZERS ▸ Applied to every object that the ServiceManager created ▸ Useful to inject other dependancies ▸ Do not over use them (50 Initializers with 300 objects means 15,000 calls) 29
  • 30.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER DELEGATORS ▸ Add functionality to a class ▸ Transfers process to another object based on conditions ▸ Technically ZF2 delegators are decorators ▸ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delegation_pattern 30
  • 31.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER DELEGATORS - HOW THEY WORK ▸ A delegator factory (MUST implement ZendServiceManager DelegatorFactoryInterface) ▸ FactoryClass MUST BE registered as separate service in the ServiceManager ▸ Note: the delegator will not be passed through initializers 31
  • 32.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 SERVICE MANAGER OTHER SERVICE MANAGERS ▸ ZF2 builds other service managers that will be injected with the main service manager ▸ ControllerManager, InputFilterManager, RouterPluginManager, and FormElementManager are just some 32
  • 33.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER
  • 34.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER EVENT MANAGER ▸ Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP) ▸ What it is useful for: ▸ Logging ▸ Caching ▸ Authorization ▸ Sanitizing ▸ Auditing ▸ Notifying the user when something happens (or fails) 34
  • 35.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER ASPECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING 101 - TERMS ▸ Aspect - The object being interacted with ▸ Advice - What should be done with each method of the aspect ▸ Joinpoint - Places where Advice can be created ▸ Pointcut - Matches Joinpoint to an Advice 35
  • 36.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER ASPECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING 101 - ADVICE TYPES ▸ Before advice - Applied before the advice is called ▸ After returning advice - Applied after the advice is called ▸ After throwing advice - Applied when an error happens ▸ Around advice - combines the Before and After returning advice* 36 http://www.sitepoint.com/explore-aspect-oriented-programming-with-codeigniter-1/
  • 37.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER HOW IT WORKS IN ZF2 ▸ Events chain until no more listeners are registered or a listener stops propagation of events ▸ Listeners are called in order of priority. From the higher number to lower number ▸ Responses from each listener is stored in a collection and returned back to the calling code 37
  • 38.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER REGISTERING EVENTS - CALLBACKS use ZendEventManagerEventManager;
 use ZendEventManagerEvent;
 use ZendLogLogger;
 
 $log = new Logger(['writers' => [['name' => 'noop']]]);
 $events = new EventManager();
 $events->attach('my_event', function (Event $event) use ($log) {
 $event = $event->getName();
 $target = get_class($event->getTarget());
 $params = json_encode($event->getParams());
 
 $log->info(sprintf(
 '%s called on %s, using params %s',
 $event,
 $target,
 $params
 ));
 });
 
 $target = new stdClass();
 $params = ['foo' => 'bar'];
 $events->trigger('my_event', $target, $params); 38
  • 39.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER REGISTERING EVENTS - AGGREGATE class Listener implements ListenerAggregateInterface, LoggerAwareInterface
 {
 use LoggerAwareTrait;
 
 protected $listeners = [];
 
 public function attach(EventManagerInterface $events) {
 $this->listeners[] = $events->attach('my_event', [$this, 'logEvent'], 1000);
 }
 
 public function detach(EventManagerInterface $events) {
 foreach ($this->listeners as $index => $callback) {
 if ($events->detach($callback)) {
 unset($this->listeners[$index]);
 }
 }
 }
 }
 
 $events->attach(new Listener()); 39
  • 40.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER REGISTERING EVENTS - OTHER ▸ Register a listener to multiple events using an array $events->attach(['my_event_1', 'my_event_2'], [$this, 'logEvent']); ▸ Or using a wildcard $events->attach('*', [$this, 'logEvent']); 40
  • 41.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER SHARED EVENT MANAGER ▸ Segregates events from other classes that could interfere with the listeners ▸ JIT loading of listeners to keep the event manager lightweight 41
  • 42.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015
  • 43.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER SHARED EVENT MANAGER - REGISTERING LISTENERS public function setEventManager(EventManagerInterface $eventManager)
 {
 $eventManager->addIdentifiers(array(
 get_called_class()
 ));
 
 $this->eventManager = $eventManager;
 } 43
  • 44.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 EVENT MANAGER SHARED EVENT MANAGER - REGISTERING LISTENERS public function onBootstrap(MvcEvent $event)
 {
 $eventManager = $event->getApplication()- >getEventManager();
 $sharedEventManager = $eventManager->getSharedManager();
 
 $sharedEventManager->attach('MyService', 'my_event', function($e) {
 var_dump($e);
 }, 100);
 } 44
  • 45.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC
  • 46.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC MODELS ▸ Nothing special they are just classes 46
  • 47.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC MVC_EVENT ▸ Created during application bootstrap ▸ Provides helpers to access the Application, Request, Response, Router, and the View. (all these are injected during the bootstrap event 47
  • 48.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC MVC_EVENT - EVENTS ▸ MvcEvent::EVENT_BOOTSTRAP - Prepares the application ▸ MvcEvent::EVENT_ROUTE - Matches the request to a controller ▸ MvcEvent::EVENT_DISPATCH - Call the matched controller ▸ MvcEvent::EVENT_DISPATCH_ERROR - Error happens during dispatch ▸ MvcEvent::EVENT_RENDER - Prepares the data to be rendered ▸ MvcEvent::EVENT_RENDER_ERROR - Error during rendering ▸ MvcEvent::EVENT_FINISH - Finial task 48
  • 49.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC ROUTING ▸ Provides a means to match a request to a controller ▸ Matching can be made on any part of the URL ▸ Three router types: ConsoleSimpleRouteStack, HttpSimpleRouterStack and HttpTreeRouterStack 49
  • 50.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC CONTROLLERS ▸ Controllers are dispatched from a Router ▸ A Controller just needs to implement ZendStdlibDispatchableInterface ▸ Other common interfaces for controllers: ▸ ZendMvcInjectApplicationEventInterface ▸ ZendServiceManagerServiceLocatorAwareInterface ▸ ZendEventManagerEventManagerAwareInterface 50
  • 51.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC CONTROLLERS - DEFAULT ▸ ZendMvcControllerAbstractController ▸ ZendMvcControllerAbstractActionController ▸ ZendMvcControllerAbstractRestfulController ▸ ZendMvcControllerAbstractConsoleController 51
  • 52.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC CONTROLLERS - PLUGINS ▸ Provides helper functions to controllers ▸ Default Plugins (More to come later) ▸ FlashMessenger ▸ Forward ▸ Params ▸ PostRedirectGet ▸ Redirect ▸ Url 52
  • 53.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC CONTROLLER PLUGINS - CUSTOM PLUGINS IN 3 STEPS ▸ Create plugin ▸ Register in config ▸ Call in controller 53
  • 54.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC VIEWS ▸ Views incorporate multiple levels to render a response ▸ By default uses the PHP template system (but can use your templating system of choice) ▸ Layouts are also possible since ViewModels can be nested ▸ Your controllers do not need to return a ViewModel 54
  • 55.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC VIEW - ONE VIEW MANY LAYERS ▸ Containers - holds variables and or callbacks (typically a model or the array representation of the model) ▸ View Model - Connects the Container to a template (if applicable) ▸ Renders - Takes the Model and returns the representation of the model (Three are included by default: PhpRenderer, JsonRenderer, FeedRenderer) ▸ Resolvers - Uses a strategy to resolve a template for the renderer ▸ Rendering Strategies - Decides which renderer to use ▸ Response Strategies - Handles setting the headers responses 55
  • 56.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC VIEWS - HOW TO USE ▸ From controller: $view = new ViewModel(array(
 'message' => 'Hello world',
 ));
 $view->setTemplate('my/template');
 return $view; ▸ Or return array(
 'message' => 'Hello world',
 ); 56
  • 57.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC VIEW - HELPERS ▸ Used with the PhpRenderer ▸ Handles common functions within a view ▸ Check out the manual for complete list visit: http://framework.zend.com/ manual/current/en/modules/zend.view.helpers.html 57
  • 58.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC VIEW - CREATING CUSTOM HELPERS ▸ Have your helper implement ZendViewHelperHelperInterface ▸ or just extend ZendViewHelperAbstractHelper ▸ Register the helper ▸ in the config under 'view_helpers' ▸ in the module by implementing ZendModuleManagerFeature ViewHelperProviderInterface 58
  • 59.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC REQUEST AND RESPONSE ▸ Abstracts the HTTP (or console) Request and response ▸ Can also be used with the ZendHttp when you need to make CURL requests ▸ ViewModels can also understand the response based on different PHP runtimes (console or web requests) 59
  • 60.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC RESPONSE use ZendHttpResponse; $response = new Response();
 $response->setStatusCode(Response::STATUS_CODE_200);
 $response->getHeaders()->addHeaders(array(
 'HeaderField1' => 'header-field-value',
 'HeaderField2' => 'header-field-value2',
 ));
 $response->setContent("Hello Word"); 60
  • 61.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC REQUEST use ZendHttpRequest;
 
 $request = new Request();
 $request->setMethod(Request::METHOD_POST);
 $request->setUri('/foo');
 $request->getHeaders()->addHeaders(array(
 'HeaderField1' => 'header-field-value1',
 'HeaderField2' => 'header-field-value2',
 ));
 $request->getPost()->set('foo', 'bar'); 61
  • 62.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 MVC ACCESSING FROM THE CONTROLLER ▸ God Mode: $this->getEvent()->getRequest(); $this->getEvent()->getResponse(); ▸ The easy way: $this->getRequest(); $this->getResponse(); 62
  • 63.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 FORMS, VALIDATORS AND INPUTFILTERS
  • 64.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 FORMS, VALIDATORS AND INPUTFILTERS FORMS ▸ Used to bridge Views to Models (epically useful when following DOM) ▸ Takes elements, filters and validators to ensure data integrity. ▸ Creates element objects just-in-time to help keep for classes light 64
  • 65.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 FORMS, VALIDATORS AND INPUTFILTERS INPUTFILTERS ▸ Filters and validates sets of data by using filters and validators ▸ Can be independent objects, specified in the config or built on the fly in code ▸ Passed by reference, keeps data from being munged elsewhere 65
  • 66.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 FORMS, VALIDATORS AND INPUTFILTERS FILTERS AND VALIDATORS ▸ Transform data (trim, uppercase, lowercase etc) ▸ Filters are applied before validation ▸ Multiple filters and validators can be applied for each field ▸ Validators get passed the full data set to help validate 66
  • 67.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 FORMS, VALIDATORS AND INPUTFILTERS RENDERING FORMS ▸ View helpers for each filed type ▸ or simply use the formElement view helper ▸ setting values to the form will display the value by the user 67
  • 68.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 DATABASE
  • 69.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 DATABASE OVERVIEW ▸ ZendDb provides simple abstraction for working with RDBMS ▸ Can be used as an ORM ▸ Can use PDO or basic drivers 69
  • 70.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 DATABASE STATEMENTS ▸ Used to Programmatically create SQL statements ▸ Agnostic towards different systems ▸ Normalizes out queries (as best they can) to handle the differences between RDBMS ▸ Returns Results Statements which can create your models using a hydrator 70
  • 71.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 DATABASE HYDRATORS ▸ Transform an object to an array ▸ Take and array and set those values on the object (or hydrates an object) ▸ ArraySerializable ▸ ClassMethods ▸ Can also filter values before passing into the object 71
  • 72.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 DATABASE TABLE/ROW GATEWAY ▸ Represents a row or table in the database ▸ Does all the heavy lifting for building a SQL query. ▸ A Must have when following the Active Record pattern ▸ Definition of the row and table is defined using the ZendDbMetadata* classes 72
  • 73.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 LOGGING
  • 74.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 LOGGING BASICS ▸ Allows writing to multiple log locations ▸ Allows filtering out log levels or text ▸ Can be used to log PHP errors and exceptions ▸ Complies with RFC-3164 ▸ Not PSR-3 compliant! (but you can use this module) 74
  • 75.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 LOGGING HOW IT WORKS ▸ ZendLogLogger is constructed with writers ▸ Writers can get formatters to format the message to your hearts desire ▸ Messages are normally written during shutdown ▸ Logger can also take a filter which messages are logged ▸ Log Level ▸ Regex ▸ Following a Filter or Validator 75
  • 76.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 LOGGING USING LOGS $logger = new ZendLogLogger;
 $writer = new ZendLogWriterStream('php://output');
 
 $logger->addWriter($writer);
 
 $logger->info('This is an info'); 76
  • 77.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 QUESTIONS?
  • 78.
    Zend Framework Foundations,Chuck Reeves @manchuck PHP[world] 2015 THANK YOU THANK YOU ▸ Documentation - http://framework.zend.com/manual/current/en/index.html ▸ Marco Pivetta Blogs - http://ocramius.github.io/ ▸ Mathew Weier O'Phinney - https://mwop.net/ ▸ Design Patterns in PHP - https://github.com/domnikl/DesignPatternsPHP ▸ Images: The internet 78