Jump to content

-ius

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: ius, Ius, and IUs

Translingual

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

    Borrowed from Latin -ius.

    Suffix

    [edit]

    -ius

    1. Latinizing suffix
    2. suffix for making genera eponymous of a male person

    Derived terms

    [edit]

    Latin

    [edit]

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Etymology 1

    [edit]

      From Old Latin -ios, from Proto-Italic *-i(j)os, from Proto-Indo-European *-yós. Cognate with Ancient Greek -ῐος (-ĭos).

      Suffix

      [edit]

      -ius (feminine -ia, neuter -ium); first/second-declension suffix

      1. forming adjectives from nouns
      2. found as an ending of most Classical Latin 'nomina gentilicia' (family names or surnames, shared by the members of a gens)
      3. (New Latin) suffix for Latinizing surnames
      Usage notes
      [edit]

      The suffix -ius is added to a noun to form an adjective indicating "made of" or "belonging to" that noun.

      Examples:
      pater (father) + ‎-ius → ‎patrius (paternal)
      rēx (king, ruler) + ‎-ius → ‎rēgius (kingly, royal)
      uxor (wife) + ‎-ius → ‎uxōrius (uxorious)
      papȳrus (papyrus) + ‎-ius → ‎papȳrius (made of papyrus)

      In taxonomics,[1] out of analogy with ancient Roman nomina gentilicia, this suffix is added to surnames ending in a consonant other than the ending -er and, sometimes, replacing a mute final -e.

      Examples:
      French Descartes + ‎-ius → ‎Cartesius
      German Leibniz + ‎-ius → ‎Leibnitius
      German Schmalz + ‎-ius → ‎Smalcius
      English Shakespeare + ‎-ius → ‎Shakespeārius
      Declension
      [edit]

      First/second-declension adjective.

      singular plural
      masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
      nominative -ius -ia -ium -iī -iae -ia
      genitive -iī -iae -iī -iōrum -iārum -iōrum
      dative -iō -iae -iō -iīs
      accusative -ium -iam -ium -iōs -iās -ia
      ablative -iō -iā -iō -iīs
      vocative -ie -ia -ium -iī -iae -ia
      Synonyms
      [edit]
      Derived terms
      [edit]
      Descendants
      [edit]
      • Catalan: -i
      • Italian: -io
      • Portuguese: -io
      • Spanish: -io

      References

      [edit]
      1. ^ Etymology: The Latinization of Modern Surnames for Species Names (July 29th), 29.07.2014, https://iam-discite.tumblr.com/post/93215833830/etymology-the-latinization-of-modern-surnames-for

      Etymology 2

      [edit]

      See -ior (suffix forming adjectives’ comparative degrees). Doublet of -ius (forming adverbs).

      Suffix

      [edit]

      -ius

      1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of -ior

      Etymology 3

      [edit]

      From Proto-Italic *-jos. Doublet of -ius (adjectival ending).

      Suffix

      [edit]

      -ius

      1. forms comparative adverbs

      Etymology 4

      [edit]

      From Proto-Italic *-osjos, itself from Proto-Indo-European *-ósyo (genitive case suffix) secondarily marked with the genitive *-s.

      Suffix

      [edit]

      -ius

      1. the regular genitive singular suffix for most pronouns
        quī: cuius
        hic: huius
        ūnus: ūnī̆us
        alter: alterī̆us (alongside alterī, alterae)
      Usage notes
      [edit]

      Like 3d- and 4th-declension, and unlike 1st- and 2nd-declension forms, has one form for all genders. A gendered adjective option also exists for cuius.