rapio

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *rapjō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈra.pi.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈraː.pi.o]

Verb

rapiō (present infinitive rapere, perfect active rapuī, supine raptum); third (-iō variant) conjugation

1. to snatch, grab, carry off, abduct, rape, steal

   Synonyms: abdūcō, tollō, adimō, fraudō, corripiō, auferō, ēripiō, dēmō, āvertō, āmoveō, diripio, praedor, agō

   Ībis tandem aliquandō quō tē iam prīdem ista tua cupiditās effrēnāta ac furiōsa rapiēbat.

   You will go, finally at last, to where for a long time that unrestrained and mad desire of yours was first seizing you.

Conjugation

   Conjugation of rapiō (third (-iō variant) conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	rapiō		rapis		rapit		rapimus		rapitis		rapiunt
	imperfect	rapiēbam		rapiēbās		rapiēbat		rapiēbāmus		rapiēbātis		rapiēbant
	future	rapiam		rapiēs		rapiet		rapiēmus		rapiētis		rapient
	perfect	rapuī		rapuistī		rapuit		rapuimus		rapuistis		rapuērunt, rapuēre
	pluperfect	rapueram		rapuerās		rapuerat		rapuerāmus		rapuerātis		rapuerant
	future perfect	rapuerō		rapueris		rapuerit		rapuerimus		rapueritis		rapuerint
	sigmatic future1	rapsō		rapsis		rapsit		rapsimus		rapsitis		rapsint
passive	present	rapior		raperis, rapere		rapitur		rapimur		rapiminī		rapiuntur
	imperfect	rapiēbar		rapiēbāris, rapiēbāre		rapiēbātur		rapiēbāmur		rapiēbāminī		rapiēbantur
	future	rapiar		rapiēris, rapiēre		rapiētur		rapiēmur		rapiēminī		rapientur
	perfect	raptus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	raptus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	raptus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	rapiam		rapiās		rapiat		rapiāmus		rapiātis		rapiant
	imperfect	raperem		raperēs		raperet		raperēmus		raperētis		raperent
	perfect	rapuerim		rapuerīs		rapuerit		rapuerīmus		rapuerītis		rapuerint
	pluperfect	rapuissem		rapuissēs		rapuisset		rapuissēmus		rapuissētis		rapuissent
	sigmatic aorist1	rapsim		rapsīs		rapsīt		rapsīmus		rapsītis		rapsint
passive	present	rapiar		rapiāris, rapiāre		rapiātur		rapiāmur		rapiāminī		rapiantur
	imperfect	raperer		raperēris, raperēre		raperētur		raperēmur		raperēminī		raperentur
	perfect	raptus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	raptus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		rape		—		—		rapite		—
	future	—		rapitō		rapitō		—		rapitōte		rapiuntō
passive	present	—		rapere		—		—		rapiminī		—
	future	—		rapitor		rapitor		—		—		rapiuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		rapere			rapī			rapiēns			—
future		raptūrum esse			raptum īrī			raptūrus			rapiendus, rapiundus
perfect		rapuisse			raptum esse			—			raptus
future perfect		—			raptum fore			—			—
perfect potential		raptūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		rapiendī		rapiendō		rapiendum		rapiendō		raptum		raptū

¹At least one use of the Old Latin "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

Derived terms

• abripiō
• arripiō
• corripiō
• dēripiō
• dīripiō
• ēripiō
• praeripiō
• prōripiō
• rapāx
• rapidus
• rapīna
• *rapīre
• raptō
• raptūra
• surripiō
• ūsūrpō

Descendants

• Balkano-Romance:
  • Aromanian: arachiu, arãchescu, arãchiri
  • Romanian: răpi, răpire
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: rapire
  • Sicilian: rapiri
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Piedmontese: rapì
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Occitan: rabir
  • Old Catalan: rabir
    • Catalan: rapir (latinized)
  • Old French: ravir
    • French: ravir
    • ⇒ Middle English: ravyschen
      • English: ravish
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Spanish: rabir
• Borrowings:
  • → Catalan: raptar
  • → English: rape
  • → Portuguese: raptar
  • → Spanish: raptar

References

• “rapio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “rapio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “rapio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to lead a person into error: aliquem in errorem inducere, rapere
    
  • to lead the army with forced marches: citatum agmen rapere