Define array of strings in Cython

Question

Stuck on some basic Cython here - what's a canonical and efficient way to define an an array of strings in Cython? Specifically, I want to define a fixed-length constant array of char. (Please note that I would prefer not to bring in NumPy at this point.)

In C this would be:

/* cletters.c */ #include <stdio.h> int main(void) { const char *headers[3] = {"to", "from", "sender"}; int i; for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) printf("%s\n", headers[i]); }

Attempt in Cython:

# cython: language_level=3 # letters.pyx cpdef main(): cdef const char *headers[3] = {"to", "from", "sender"} print(headers)

However, this gives:

(cy) $ python3 ./setup.py build_ext --inplace --quiet cpdef main(): cdef const char *headers[3] = {"to", "from", "sender"} ^ ------------------------------------------------------------ letters.pyx:5:32: Syntax error in C variable declaration

ead · Accepted Answer · 2018-12-01 19:31:17Z

You need two lines:

%%cython cpdef main(): cdef const char *headers[3] headers[:] = ['to','from','sender`] print(headers)

Somewhat counterintuitive is than one assigns unicode-strings (Python3!) to char*. That is one of Cython's quirks. On the other hand, while initializing everything with only one value, bytes-object is needed:

%%cython cpdef main(): cdef const char *headers[3] headers[:] = b'init_value` ## unicode-string 'init_value' doesn't work. print(headers)

Another alternative is the following oneliner:

%%cython cpdef main(): cdef const char **headers=['to','from','sender`] print(headers[0], headers[1], headers[2])

which is not exactly the same as above and leads to the following C-code:

 char const **__pyx_v_headers; ... char const *__pyx_t_1[3]; ... __pyx_t_1[0] = ((char const *)"to"); __pyx_t_1[1] = ((char const *)"from"); __pyx_t_1[2] = ((char const *)"sender"); __pyx_v_headers = __pyx_t_1;

__pyx_v_headers is of type char ** and downside is, that print(headers)no longer works out of the box.

Dev Aggarwal · Accepted Answer · 2019-07-30 16:17:16Z

3

For python3 Unicode strings, this is possible-

cdef Py_UNICODE* x[2] x = ["hello", "worlᏪd"]

or

cdef Py_UNICODE** x x = ["hello", "worlᏪd"]

answered Jul 30, 2019 at 16:17

Dev Aggarwal

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1 Comment

Brad Solomon Over a year ago

From Cython docs: "The use of Py_UNICODE* strings outside of Windows is strongly discouraged. Py_UNICODE is inherently not portable between different platforms and Python versions."

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