Undefined volume with Docker Compose

Question

I wanted to translate this docker CLI command (from smallstep/step-ca) into a docker-compose.yml file to run with docker compose (version 2):

docker run -d -v step:/home/step \ -p 9000:9000 \ -e "DOCKER_STEPCA_INIT_NAME=Smallstep" \ -e "DOCKER_STEPCA_INIT_DNS_NAMES=localhost,$(hostname -f)" \ smallstep/step-ca

This command successfully starts the container.

Here is the compose file I "composed":

version: "3.9" services: ca: image: smallstep/step-ca volumes: - "step:/home/step" environment: - DOCKER_STEPCA_INIT_NAME=Smallstep - DOCKER_STEPCA_INIT_DNS_NAMES=localhost,ubuntu ports: - "9000:9000"

When I run docker compose up (again, using v2 here), I get this error:

service "ca" refers to undefined volume step: invalid compose project

Is this the right way to go about this? I'm thinking I missed an extra step with volume creation in docker compose projects, but I am not sure what that would be, or if this is even a valid use case.

David Maze · Accepted Answer · 2024-05-23 20:18:36Z

The Compose file also has a top-level volumes: block and you need to declare volumes there.

version: '3.8' services: ca: volumes: - "step:/home/step" et: cetera volumes: # add this section step: # does not need anything underneath this

There are additional options possible, but you do not usually need to specify these unless you need to reuse a preexisting Docker named volume or you need non-standard Linux mount options (the linked documentation gives an example of an NFS-mount volume, for example).

As is, this compose file will cause a volume named ca_step to be created, while OP's CLI example accessed a volume named step. This is no problem if the volume needs to be created anyway and you don't care for the exact name (or use name: "step"). However, if you want to access an already existing volume, you need to add external: true underneath the last line.

otterrisk · Accepted Answer · 2022-12-16 13:46:53Z

Citing the Compose specification:

To avoid ambiguities with named volumes, relative paths SHOULD always begin with . or ...

So it should be enough to make your VOLUME's host path relative:

services: ca: volumes: - ./step:/home/step

If you don't intend to share the step volume with other containers, you don't need to define it in the top-level volumes key:

If the mount is a host path and only used by a single service, it MAY be declared as part of the service definition instead of the top-level volumes key.

Thanks finally fixed my issue, IDK just getting started with docker tutorial having this line # - database:/data/db in there github repo instead of this # - ./database:/data/db

Siwei · Accepted Answer · 2022-04-21 05:29:23Z

it seems that docker-compose don't know the "volume" you created via command: sudo docker volume create my_xx_volume

so ,just manually mkdir to create a folder and chmod 777 <my_folder>, then your mysql docker will use it very well.

( in production env, don't use chmod but chown to change the file permission )

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