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Scaling PHP web apps
The document discusses strategies to scale PHP web applications in preparation for peak seasons, emphasizing the importance of scalability over raw performance. It outlines best practices, such as breaking down applications into components, utilizing caching, optimizing server environments, and ensuring high availability. Key considerations include load balancing, reducing database connections, and effectively monitoring application performance.
Scaling PHP web apps
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- 2. Harald Zeitlhofer • Technology Strategist at Dynatrace • Database and Web Development •Love to discover new things
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- 15. Scalability is more • Create well sized environment • Ensure high availability •Ensure high performance • Handle large number of transactions • Respond to changed load conditions • Respond to feature requests • Find and fix problems fast
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- 17. Bad News PHP is slowerthan Java
- 18. PHP is notthe bottleneck Good News
- 20. Prepare to scale • Break your application down into smaller components • Frontend •Load Balancer • Web Server • Caching Server • PHP engine • Database • Avoid bottlenecks • Reduce load
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- 24. Load balancing upstream php { ip_hash; serverunix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock weight=5; server 192.168.56.12:9000 weight=2; server 192.168.56.13:9000; server 192.168.56.14:9000; server 192.168.58.21:9000 backup; } server { listen 80; root /var/www/mysite; server_name www.mysite.com; location / { try_files $uri =405; } location ~ .php$ { fastcgi_pass php; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; } }
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- 31. PHP tier represents amajor global bottleneck for page load times Example: Performance hotspot PHP execution
- 32. lessc CSS preprocessor social login module slowPHP execution Major performance hotspots
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- 34. server-side calls to unusedexternal services Social Login Module
- 35. average contribution of PHPcompilation time Slow PHP execution? Outdated PHP version?
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- 47. Database Access • Size server (cluster) appropriately for maximum number of connected instances • Reduce connections •Reduce SQL statements • Leverage caching
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- 53. Nginx FastCGI cache • Part of Nginx' FastCGImodule fastcgi_cache_path /etc/nginx/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=APPKEY:100m inactive=60m; fastcgi_cache_key "$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri"; location ~* .php$ { fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_cache APPKEY; fastcgi_cache_valid 200 60m; }
- 56. Data cache with Memcached <?php ... function __construct (){ $this->c = new Memcached(); $this->c->addServer('memcached.server',11211); } function setCache ($key, $content) { $this->c->set($key, $content); } ... // get data structure $this->setCache('/gis/cave/getGeoJSON/'.$this->id, $this->getGeoJSON()); ... ?>
- 57. Access cached data with Nginx upstream php { server192.168.56.1:9000; } server { location /gis/cave/getGeoJSON { set $memcached_key "$uri"; memcached_pass memcached.server:11211; error_page 404 502 504 = @notincache; } location @notincache { fastcgi_pass php; } }
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- 59. Browser Cache WebserverPHP Database 3rd party 3rd party Java, .Net, Node.js, …
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- 69. What have we learned today about scaling? • Create well sized environment • Ensure high availability •Ensure high performance • Handle large number of transactions • Respond to changed load conditions • Respond to feature requests • Find and fix problems fast • Monitor properly
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