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Html, css and jquery introduction
The document provides an overview of HTML, CSS, and jQuery, explaining their roles in web development. HTML is a markup language for structuring web content, CSS is used for styling that content, and jQuery simplifies JavaScript interactions. Key concepts such as HTML tags, CSS selectors, and jQuery syntax are also discussed.
Html, css and jquery introduction
- 2. What is HTML HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language HTML is used for describing web pages. HTML is a markup language. A markup language consist of markup tags. The tags defines document content. HTML documents include HTML tags and plain text.
- 3. HTML Tags HTMLmarkup tags are usually called HTML tags. HTML tags are keywords surrounded by angle brackets like <HTML>. Html tags normally come in pairs like <b>and </b>. The first tag in pair is the start tag and second tag is the end tag. The end tag is written like the start tag , with a forward slash before the tag name. Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags. <tagname>Content</tagname>
- 4. Basic HTML pagestructure HTML HEAD: Non web displayable info and code like meta tags, script, title etc. BODY: Includes <div> div: Header – We can include branding and navigation elements like logo, slogan, menu, etc. div: Main content – We can include all kind of elements like images, paragraphs, videos, links, etc. div: Footer – We can include informational elements like: copyright, sub menu, links, site info, etc.
- 5. Example <html> <head> <title>HTML Form ValidationDemo</title> </head> <body> <form action=“” id=“”> <h2>HTML Form</h2> <div id=“form_data”> <div class=“fieldgroup”> <label>Email</label> <input type=“text” name=“email”> </div> <div class=“fieldgroup”> <label>Password</label> <input type=“password” name=“password”> </div> <div class=“fieldgroup”> <input type=“submit” value=“submit” class=“submit”> </div> </div> </form> </body> </html>
- 6. What is CSS CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheet. Styles define how to display HTML elements. External style sheets can save a lot of work. External style sheets are stored in CSS file. A CSS file allows to separate web sites HTML content from its style.
- 7. How to useCSS? There are three types of stylesheets External style sheet Internal style sheet Inline style sheet External style sheet: An external style sheet is ideal when the style is applied to many pages. <head> <link rel=“stylesheet” type=“text/css” href=“mystyle.css”> <head> Internal style sheet: An internal style sheet should be used when a single document has a unique style. <head> <style> p {margin-left:200px} body{background-image:url(“images/back40.gif”);} </style> </head>
- 8. Inline styles:To use Inline styles use the style attribute in the relevent tag. The style attribute can contain any CSS property. < p style=“color.#fafafa;margin-left:20px”>This is a paragraph.</p> Multiple styles will cascade into one: Cascading order: Inline style (inside an HTMLelement) Inline style sheet (in the head section) External style sheet Browser default
- 9. CSS Syntax ACSS rule has two main parts: a selector, and one or more declarations H1 {color:blue; font-size: 12px;} In this example H1 is a selector Color:blue and font-size:12px is a declaration. Color is a property and blue is a value. Font-size is a property and 12px is a value. Combining selectors: h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6{ color: #009900; font family: Georgia, sans-serif; }
- 10. The idselector The id selector is used to specify a style for a single, unique element. The id selector uses the id attribute of the HTML element, and is defined with a “#”. Syntax: #selector-id {property:value;} The class selector The class selector is used to specify a style for a group of elements. The class selector uses the HTML class attribute, and is defined with a “.” Syntax: selector-class {property: value;}
- 11. Below arethe various ways you can use CSS to style links. a:link {color: #009900} a:visited{color: #999999} a:hover {color: #333333} a:focus {color: #333333} a:active {color: #009900}
- 12. The CSS BoxModel All HTML elements can be considered as boxes. In CSS the term “box model” is used when talking about design and layout. The CSS box model is essentially a box that wraps aroun HTML elements and consists of: margin, border, padding and the actual content. The box model allows to place a border around elements and space elements in relation to other elements.
- 13. What is jQuery jQuery is a lightweight, “write less, do more”, Javascript library. The purpose of jQuery is to make it much easier to use javascript on your website. jQuery takes a lot of common tasks that requires many lines of javascript code to accomplish, and wraps it into methods that you can call with a single line of code. jQery also simplifies a lot of the complicated things from javascript like Ajax call and DOM manipulation. Features: HTML/DOM manipulation CSS manipulation HTML event methods Effects and animations Ajax
- 14. jQuery Syntax Basic syntax $(selector).action() A $ sign to define jQuery A(selector) to find HTML elements AjQuery action to be performed on the elements. Example: $(“p”).hide() – hides all <p> elements How to use jQuery: <head> <script src=“//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.8.3/jquery.min.js”></ script> </head>
- 15. The element, idand class selector The jQuery element selector selects elements based on their tag names. $(“<tag-name>”) //element selector $(“#<id-name>”) //id selector $(“.<class-name>”) //class selector Example $(document).ready(function(){ $(“button”).click (function(){ $(“p”).hide(); $(“#test”).hide(); //#id selector $(“.test”).hide(); //.class selector }); });
- 16. jQuery Event All thedifferent visitors actions that a web page can respond to are called events. An event represents the precise moment when something happens. Mouse events: Click Dblclick Mouseenter Mouseleave Keyboard events: Keypress Keydown Keyup
- 17. • Form events: Submit Change Focus Blur •Document events: Load Resize Scroll Unload Example: $(“p”).click(function(){ //action goes here });
- 18. jQuery Effects Jqueryhide(), show() and toggle() method $(selector).hide(speed,callback); $(selector).show(speed,callback); $(selector).toggle(speed,callback); Jquery fadeIn(), fadeOut(), fadeToggle() and fadeTo() method. $(selector).fadeIn(speed,callback); $(selector).fadeOut(speed,callback); $(selector). fadeToggle (speed,callback); $(selector). fadeTo(speed,callback);